Konsep Hikmat Al-Tasyrî’ Sebagai Asas Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Bisnis Islam Menurut Ali Ahmad Al-Jurjawi (1866-1961m) Dalam Kitab Hikmat Al-Tasyrî’ Wa Falsafatuhu

Abstract

Ali Ahmad Al-Jurjawi (1866-1961) a modernist from the Egyptian city of Jarja. Al-Jurjawi lived in a time of shock, known as the Egyptian revolution from the clutches of France. European colonization of the Islamic world (Egypt), which tends to manage the economy with a conventional (secular) system. These conditions affect the construction of scholarship which is occupied by Al-Jurjawi, plus the difficulty of finding the ideal books, especially regarding Islamic law and wisdom or secrets that exist in Islamic teachings. Starting from such a situation Al-Jurjawi much got the idea of philosophy and thought and determined to write a book that discusses the wisdom of Islamic Shari'ah, which is named Hikmat al-Tasyrî 'wa Falsafatuhu. Then how kosep wisdom al-Tashrî 'became the economic and financial principles of Islamic business according to Al-Jurjawi in the book. The result, the concept of wisdom al-Tasyrî 'Al-Jurjawi is amazing wisdom, astonishing mind and satisfy the heart of the shari'ah of the divine religion aims to know God, inhumanizing, knowing how to worship and Think about it by establishing the law necessary to be done amar ma'ruf nahi mungkar and benefit servants of the world and the hereafter. The reason for wisdom of al-Tashrî 'as the economic and financial principle in Islamic business according to Al-Jurjawi, to realize submission to the Shari'ah of Allah; preserving the Sunnah of the Prophet; keep away from the forbidden; foster moral development; realizing brotherhood and unity. All according to Al-Jurjawi contains benefit the world and the hereafter, in an effort to know God by worshiping and ma'ruf nahi munkar and morally noble character. It is embodied in the concept of hablum minnallâh wa

The Importance of Maqashid Sharia as a Theory In Islamic Economic Business Operations

“…So that the fatwa products can be under the purpose and intent of Allah in setting the sharia law (Sahroini & Karim, 2016;Nasuka, 2017). Likewise, in the scope of sharia business and finance, the existence of maqashid sharia, becomes a means of synergizing between nash and market interests (situation), to ensure that market interests are the actual interests (maslahat), that economic interests are the interests of many communities (benefits), and that business interests are long-term interests according to the maqashid muamalah formulation (business or economy) (Johan, et al, 2018).…”

“…According to Al-Syatibi, as quoted by Ibn Asyur, also Oni Sahroni, that maqashid sharia is the maslahah or benefit and welfare of humanity both in the world and the hereafter. Meanwhile, according to the scholars of ushul fiqh, defining maqashid sharia with the intended meaning and purpose in presenting law for the benefit of mankind (Sahroini & Karim, 2016;Johan, et al, 2018). Generally speaking, it can be concluded that the maqashid sharia is a concept to understand the intention and purpose of sharia values that implicitly put in the Qur'an and hadith, as God Almighty has set for mankind to achieve world prosperity (happiness) and the hereafter (Mutakin, 2017;Sulaeman, 2018).…”

“…According to Imam , in the book al-muwafaqat, it is said that comprehend the study of ushul fiqh is something that is dharuri (very important and absolutely necessary), because through this study, we can find the content and purpose of each of the arguments of the Shari'a (al-Qur'an and Hadith) as well as how to implement the sharia propositions in real life (Ishaq, 1997;Nasuka, 2017). According to Imam Al-Amidi in the book Al-Ihkam fi Ushulil Ahkam, it is explained that a person who does not master the study of usul fiqh, then his religious knowledge is unreliable, because there is no way to learn the law of Allah (sharia) except throughlearning the study of ushul fiqh (Al-Amidi, 1991;Johan, et al, 2018).…”

“…'Abdul Wahhab Khallaf in his book Usul Fiqh firmly stated that sharia texts cannot be understood well and correctly except it is studied by someone who understands the maqashid sharia and asbabun nuzul (the historical background of the verse) (Wahab, t.th). Most of the successes in extracting the law on Islamic economics from the postulates of the Koran and hadith, is largely determined by the study of maqashid sharia which can be examined from the arguments of tafshili (al-quran and sunnah) (Mysharing, 2018;Johan, et al, 2018).…”

“…Maqashid sharia will provide a rational and substantial mindset in viewing Islamic banking agreements and products. Through the maqashid sharia approach, the sharia banking and financial products can develop very well and can respond to rapidly changing business developments (Mysharing, 2018;Johan, et al, 2018).…”