L'Oidium albicans Robin

Further Studies on the Practical Classification of the Monilias

“…We agree now with Langeron and Guerra, since our study of a culture obtained from the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures shows that this fungus should have been included as a synonym of M. mortifera. The criticism of this method of preparing synonymies may be applied equally well to the extensive synonymies published by Langeron and Guerra (1938), Ciferri, Redaelli and Cavallero (1938), Dodge (1935), and many others.…”

“…In no other group of medically important fungi is there any greater confusion than that concerned with the classification of the non-ascosporogenous mycelia-producing yeastlike organisms known to the medical men as the "Monilias." For example, Langeron and Guerra (1938) in France listed 102 synonyms for the thrush fungus Candida albicans, and the same year Ciferri, Redaelli, and Cavallero (1938) in Italy listed 121 synonyms for the same species under the name Mycotorula albicans. However, these two groups agree with each other in only 51 synonyms, the French group listing 51 names not recorded by the Italians, who list 70 synonyms not mentioned by Langeron and Guerra.…”

“…Since many strains were unavailable, both synonymies were based chiefly on descriptions found in the literature. The confusion caused by the use of such methods is well illustrated by Dodge (1935), who splits into 5 different genera (Syringospora, Blastodendrion, Zymonema, Castellania, and Candida), those 51 fungi in regard to which there is complete agreement between Langeron and Guerra (1938) and Ciferri et al (1938) that they all belong to a single species albicans.In 1937 we published a method of classification based on the study of 172 strains of anascosporogenous mycelia-producing yeastlike fungi, 169 of which could be classified into one of 6 species, including a new species, Monilia stellatoidea. The methods were essentially bacteriologic in nature beginning with the streaking of a blood agar plate from a 48-hour growth in glucose broth.…”

“…Since many strains were unavailable, both synonymies were based chiefly on descriptions found in the literature. The confusion caused by the use of such methods is well illustrated by Dodge (1935), who splits into 5 different genera (Syringospora, Blastodendrion, Zymonema, Castellania, and Candida), those 51 fungi in regard to which there is complete agreement between Langeron and Guerra (1938) and Ciferri et al (1938) that they all belong to a single species albicans.…”

A history of research on yeasts 12: medical yeasts part 1, Candida albicans

“…( Monilia ) krusei , using as criteria: (a) the appearance of the cells grown under differing conditions; (b) fermentation reactions; (c) serological behaviour; and (d) pathogenicity for rabbits25, 26. By such methods, in the years just before World War II, Benham, Maurice Langeron, Raffaele Ciferri and their colleagues56, 145, 147 did much to characterize strains of C. albicans and distinguish them from similar yeasts. This work and that reported in numerous other papers were well summarized by Juan Mackinnon 33 161 and Charles Skinner247.…”