La exposición de los menores a la pornografía en Internet: prevalencia, motivaciones, contenidos y efectos

Abstract

Título: La exposición de los menores a la pornografía en Internet: prevalencia, motivaciones, contenidos y efectos. Resumen: En virtud del aumento de la disponibilidad de material pornográfico en Internet, ha surgido la necesidad de investigar las característi-cas y consecuencias de la exposición de los niños y adolescentes a este tipo de material. Partiendo de informes retrospectivos de una muestra de 494 estudiantes de la Universidad de Salamanca recogidos con una encuesta online, este estudio analiza la prevalencia y el grado de exposición de los menores a la pornografía en Internet, las razones de la exposición, los tipos de imágenes que ven, y las reacciones a dichas imágenes. Según los resultados, el 63% de los chicos y el 30% de las chicas presenciaron pornografía online durante su adolescencia. Un porcentaje mayor de varones lo hicieron alguna vez durante más de 30 minutos. Ambos sexos recuerdan haber presenciado imágenes variadas, incluidos contenidos de dominación, pornografía infantil y violación. Con mayor probabilidad, los chicos informan de un consumo deliberado de pornografía y de búsqueda de excitación sexual, mientras que las chicas recuerdan haberse visto expuestas involuntariamente. En uno de cada seis casos, la pornografía observada produjo un fuerte impacto. Los chicos recuerdan en mayor medida reacciones de excitación sexual y masturbación, y las chicas, de evitación, asco y preocupación. Palabras clave: Internet; pornografía; adolescentes; diferencias de género; efectos. Abstract:Since Internet has made pornographic materials more available, there is a need for more research on the characteristics and implications of children's and adolescents' exposure to such materials. This study examined the prevalence and extent of minors' exposure to online pornography, the reasons for exposure, the types of images seen and the strong effects of exposure, as reported by college students. We used an online survey to collect retrospective reports of a sample of 494 students of the University of Salamanca. Results show that 63% of boys and 30% of girls were exposed to online pornography during adolescence. Boys are more likely to have ever been exposed for more than 30 minutes. Boys are more likely to report deliberate consumption and sexual excitement seeking, whereas girls are more likely to report involuntary exposure. Both genders remember viewing a variety of images, including contents of bondage, child pornography and rape. One in six of exposed participants remember strong reactions. While more boys report sexual excitement and masturbation, more girls report avoidance, disgust or concern.

Is it Parental Communication, Self-Esteem, or Internet use that makes Pornography Behavior in Teenagers? (cases of pornography and porno-action)

“…Pornographic is mostly perpetrated by adolescent boys than adolescent girls so that male teenagers are more susceptible to the influence of sex material and act as perpetrators of spreading pornography. These results are in line with Ortega and Baz (2013) studies that find in Spain that teenagers have higher levels of pornography exported either intentional or unintentional. Prichard et al (2013) suggests that boys more often remember the reaction of porn content to sexual arousal while girls are more avoiding.…”

The relationship between sexual sensation seeking and problematic Internet pornography use: A moderated mediation model examining roles of online sexual activities and the third-person effect

“…Multigroup invariance testing showed that the model tested in this study did not apply equally across genders with the model applying to males more so than females. First, males tend to pursue more varied sexual experiences (Oshri, Tubman, Morganlopez, Saavedra, & Csizmadia, 2013); they also report more sexual arousal (Goodson, McCormick, & Evans, 2000), sexual excitement, and masturbation when browsing pornographic materials online with females reporting more avoidance, disgust, or worries (González-Ortega & Orgaz-Baz, 2013). Therefore, males, particularly those high in SSS, may be more likely to seek novel sexual stimulation online that may lead to PIPU.…”

“…Therefore, males, particularly those high in SSS, may be more likely to seek novel sexual stimulation online that may lead to PIPU. Second, emotional factors may be more important in relation to sexual behaviors for females when compared to males (Cooper, Morahan-Martin, Mathy, & Maheu, 2002), but most sexual explicit materials available online may be less desirable for females (Gonzalez-Ortega & Orgaz-Baz, 2013). Finally, women also in general view pornography more negatively than men (Malamuth, 1996).…”

Understanding Online Child Sexual Exploitation Offenses

“…One study consisting of young adults (ages 17 to 20) found that 4.2 % of the sample had viewed CP [14]. In a university sample, 7.6 % of students reported viewing CP in the past [15]. Although the prevalence of CP use in the general population is estimated to be at these rates, it is not possible to know whether those convicted or charged with CP-related offenses are reflective of this prevalence.…”