Laboratory Assessment of the Oxidation and Wear Performance Capabilities of Low Phosphorus Engine Oils

Johnson, M. D.; Korček, Š.; Jensen, R. K.; Gangopadhyay, Arup; Soltis, Edward A.

doi:10.4271/2001-01-3541

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…• Kinematic viscosity increased during the parametric aging experiment, which could be a result of polymerized oxidation products and/or thermal polymerization of the engine oil. This observation is in accordance with [29], and is briefly mentioned in [30]. However, a more detailed analysis is necessary to prove this assumption.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Artificial Aging Experiments of Neat and Contaminated Engine Oil Samples

2021

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This study highlights how the results from an artificial engine oil aging method compare to used engine oil samples collected from a vehicle fleet. Additionally, this paper presents the effect of contaminating the oil during aging with synthetic fuel alternatives on the physical and chemical properties of artificially aged engine oil samples. A laboratory-scale artificial thermo-oxidative aging experiment was conducted on multiple samples of commercially available formulated fully-synthetic SAE 0W-30 engine oil. The goal of the experiment was to establish the validity of the artificially aged samples as well as the validity of the underlying process in reproducibly fabricating small batches of aged engine oil with comparable chemical and physical properties to real-life used oils. Eight samples were subjected to distinct load cases (temperature, air flow rate, sample volume and aging time). Six additional samples were subjected to an intermediate load case, with five of them contaminated with selected conventional fuels and novel automotive fuel candidates. Conventional oil analysis was conducted on each sample to determine oxidation, residual additive content, kinematic viscosity and total base number. Additionally, analysis results were compared to in-use engine oil samples through PCA. The resulting oil condition after aging is in accordance with independently published results in terms of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate content and kinematic viscosity. Contaminated aging with OME 3-5 resulted in a drop in antioxidant content and elevated kinematic viscosity. Based on the comparison with in-use samples, artificial aging of 200 mL engine oil at 180 °C with 1 L/min air flow for 96 h can produce similar oil conditions as mixed vehicle use for 7000 km.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Artificial Aging Experiments of Neat and Contaminated Engine Oil Samples

2021

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“…Dispersants scatter products such as soot in the bulk of lubricants by a mechanism of association. The oxygen inhibitors minimize the lubricant's oxidation rate [30]. This work focuses on characterization of (a) blends that contain base oil and one type of additive, standard detergents, and (b) fullyformulated passenger car motor oils (lubricants) containing multiple additives.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroelectrochemical study of lubricant degradation

et al. 2012

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An attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared (IR) cell was designed using a boron-doped silicon wafer as the optically transparent electrode to simultaneously perform ATR-IR spectroscopic and electrochemical impedance measurements. The degradation of industrial lubricants was investigated by monitoring the near-surface concentration of hydrocarbons, detergents and anti-wear additives and the formation of degradation products, while polarizing the cell using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The detergent and the anti-wear agent concentration on and near the silicon surface, based on the IR spectra, and the sum of bulk solution and charge transfer resistance, based on the impedance spectra, were all at a maximum for 30 h drain oil, and then decreased for later drain oils. These results agree with other independent measurements, such as oil viscosity, total acid number (TAN), and total base number (TBN) to indicate that the lubricant is significantly degraded after 30 h in the engine test. These data demonstrate the potential use of the ATR silicon-based electrochemical cell as a monitoring device for lubricant degradation, and as an effective analytical tool capable of studying interfacial kinetics, surface interactions of the additives, and performance of silicon-based spectroelectrochemical devices.

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“…A change in both viscosity and TAN of aged samples compared to the lean oil is anticipated as a result of the thermo-oxidative aging process. Johnson et al [23] investigated the oxidation and wear performance of low phosphorus engine oils and demonstrated that the change in viscosity and oxidation during the aging process is not strictly monotonous. Viscosity showed an initial decline and reached a minimum value at 70 h aging depending from the phosphorus content of the lubricant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A friction and wear study of laboratory aged engine oil in the presence of diesel fuel and oxymethylene ether

Nagy

Knaup

Zsoldos

2018

Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces

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Non-fossil fuels for the commercial and passenger vehicle sector are gaining more importance due to their positive effects on exhaust gas emissions. Ongoing research investigating a broad variety of biofuels, synthetic fuels and regenerative fuels shows that a reduction of CO 2 emissions can be possible without major modifications to the existing vehicle infrastructure. An internal combustion engine is a complex system of physical and chemical mechanisms, all of which contribute to the performance output, exhaust gas composition, durability and longevity of the engine. Modifying the fuel will not only result in differing chemical reactions and thermodynamic efficiency but will also affect friction and wear through the dilution and degradation of the lubricant. This study aims to investigate the variation of friction and wear in a model system due to the introduction of oxymethylene ether and regular diesel fuel to the lubricant. High-frequency reciprocating rig experiments will be carried out on 100Cr6 steel specimen with laboratory aged fully formulated commercially available SAE 0W-20 grade engine oil containing defined amounts of OME 3−5 and regular diesel fuel. The surface of the steel specimen will be analysed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

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Laboratory Assessment of the Oxidation and Wear Performance Capabilities of Low Phosphorus Engine Oils

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Artificial Aging Experiments of Neat and Contaminated Engine Oil Samples

Artificial Aging Experiments of Neat and Contaminated Engine Oil Samples

In situ infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroelectrochemical study of lubricant degradation

A friction and wear study of laboratory aged engine oil in the presence of diesel fuel and oxymethylene ether

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