Language Learning Variability within the Dorsal and Ventral Streams as a Cue for Compensatory Mechanisms in Aphasia Recovery

López-Barroso, Diana; Diego‐Balaguer, Ruth de

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00476

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Tentatively, this could indicate that inverted words were accessed directly as full lexical units, as suggested above, although further research would be needed to test this conjecture. Alternatively, note that the ventral route can afford compensatory mechanisms when the dorsal stream is overloaded 22 , not developed, or dysfunctional [23][24][25][26] . Therefore, the distinctive diffusion pattern found in the UF and ILF may be linked to the systematic recruitment of supporting ventral mechanisms upon excessive demands placed on dorsal routes by continual practice of backward speech.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive signatures of phonemic sequencing in expert backward speakers

Torres‐Prioris

López-Barroso

Càmara

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Despite its prolific growth, neurolinguistic research on phonemic sequencing has largely neglected the study of individuals with highly developed skills in this domain. To bridge this gap, we report multidimensional signatures of two experts in backward speech, that is, the capacity to produce utterances by reversing the order of phonemes while retaining their identity. Our approach included behavioral assessments of backward and forward speech alongside neuroimaging measures of voxel-based morphometry, diffusion tensor imaging, and resting-state functional connectivity. Relative to controls, both backward speakers exhibited behavioral advantages for reversing words and sentences of varying complexity, irrespective of working memory skills. These patterns were accompanied by increased grey matter volume, higher mean diffusivity, and enhanced functional connectivity along dorsal and ventral stream regions mediating phonological and other linguistic operations, with complementary support of areas subserving associative-visual and domain-general processes. Still, the specific loci of these neural patterns differed between both subjects, suggesting individual variability in the correlates of expert backward speech. Taken together, our results offer new vistas on the domain of phonemic sequencing, while illuminating neuroplastic patterns underlying extraordinary language abilities. When visiting the local barber shop, a native of La Laguna, Spain, may be surprised by the speech of some fellow citizens. He might be greeted with the utterance nasbue chesno and fail to understand it at all. With time, however, he may realize that the phrase was a backward rendition of buenas noches (good evening) and that this peculiar way of speaking is quite widespread in this town. So much so, in fact, that a group of citizens demand that UNESCO acknowledge their linguistic extravaganza as intangible cultural heritage. Still, theirs might be a lost cause. Although word inversion is also part of other sociolects, such as Argentine lunfardo, the Canary Academy of Language has declared that this phenomenon has no scholarly value. Yet, that position is arguably shortsighted. Backward speech constitutes an extraordinary ability to quickly reverse words, pseudowords, and even sentences, which requires reordering phonemes while retaining their identity. Therefore, it offers a useful model to study phoneme sequencing as a key stage of phonological-phonetic encoding-i.e., the capacity to select, retrieve, and temporarily arrange phonemic information to set up an articulatory plan 1,2. Based on this premise, the present study offers a novel approach to phonemic sequencing mechanisms by examining behavioral, neuroanatomical, and neurofunctional signatures of expertise in backward speech. Pioneering behavioral research on phoneme sequencing was mainly concerned with speech errors in healthy 3-5 and brain-damaged 6-8 subjects, giving rise to serial associative, frame-based, and dynamic control signal psycholinguistic models 3. Although neuroimagin...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive signatures of phonemic sequencing in expert backward speakers

Torres‐Prioris

López-Barroso

Càmara

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In brief, TBAA was used to register diffusion-weighted images of all study participants to a standard template (Hsu et al, 2015), in which tractograms of 76 major WM tracts were developed using deterministic tractography. Lopez-Barroso and De Diego-Balaguer, 2017); there were 14 tract bundles on language network by our definition, so the LN brain age metrics were estimated using 14 GFA and 14 MD values. Table 5 provides the constitution of the language network in WM.…”

Section: Tract-based Analysis For Diffusion-weighted Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When linking behavioral performance with neural activities, neuroimaging studies have supported the frontotemporal system as the neural substrate of language function (Van Der Lely and Pinker, 2014;Chang et al, 2015;and Lopez-Barroso and De Diego-Balaguer, 2017;Campbell and Tyler, 2018). Other studies have extended the domain-specific language network (LN) to a domain-general system or multi-demand network including the frontoparietal connections (Duncan, 1995;Unsworth et al, 2014;Cole et al, 2015;Duncan et al, 2017) and observed an association between the age-related decline of the domain-general system or multi-demand network and that of executive functions such as inhibition, attention, and working memory (Duncan et al, 2017;Chen P.-Y.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Associations of White Matter Brain Age With Language-Related Mechanisms in Word-Finding Ability Across the Adult Lifespan

Chen

Tseng

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Research on cognitive aging has established that word-finding ability declines progressively in late adulthood, whereas semantic mechanism in the language system is relatively stable. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of word-finding ability and language-related components with brain aging status, which was quantified by using the brain age paradigm. A total of 616 healthy participants aged 18–88 years from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience databank were recruited. The picture-naming task was used to test the participants’ language-related word retrieval ability through word-finding and word-generation processes. The naming response time (RT) and accuracy were measured under a baseline condition and two priming conditions, namely phonological and semantic priming. To estimate brain age, we established a brain age prediction model based on white matter (WM) features and estimated the modality-specific predicted age difference (PAD). Mass partial correlation analyses were performed to test the associations of WM-PAD with the cognitive performance measures under the baseline and two priming conditions. We observed that the domain-specific language WM-PAD and domain-general WM-PAD were significantly correlated with general word-finding ability. The phonological mechanism, not the semantic mechanism, in word-finding ability was significantly correlated with the domain-specific WM-PAD. In contrast, all behavioral measures of the conditions in the picture priming task were significantly associated with chronological age. The results suggest that chronological aging and WM aging have differential effects on language-related word retrieval functions, and support that cognitive alterations in word-finding functions involve not only the domain-specific processing within the frontotemporal language network but also the domain-general processing of executive functions in the fronto-parieto-occipital (or multi-demand) network. The findings further indicate that the phonological aspect of word retrieval ability declines as cerebral WM ages, whereas the semantic aspect is relatively resilient or unrelated to WM aging.

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“…Human language function plays a role in the left hemisphere [1]. Aphasia has indicated an language impairment effect in the production and/or comprehension of speech and is one of the common sequelae following stroke in the left hemisphere [2,3]. Aphasia was shown in approximately 21-38% of acute stroke patients, and the major damaged lesion is the left perisylvian [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characteristic of the Arcuate Fasciculus in Patients with Fluent Aphasia Following Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Diffusion Tensor Tractography Study

Ryu

Park

2020

Brain Sciences

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This study investigated the relationship between the structural characteristics of the left arcuate fasciculus (AF) reconstructed using diffusion tensor image (DTI) and the type of fluent aphasia according to hemorrhage lesions in patients with fluent aphasia following intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Five patients with fluent aphasia following ICH (three males, two females; mean age 55.0 years; range 47 to 60 years) and with sixteen age-matched heathy control subjects were involved in this study. The ICHs of patients 1 and 2 were located in the left parietal lobe and the left basal ganglia. ICHs were located in the left anterior temporal of patient 3, the left temporal lobe of patient 4, and the left frontal lobe of patient 5. We assessed patients’ language function using K-WAB (the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery) and reconstructed the AF using DTI. We measured DTI parameters including the fractional anisotropy (FA), tract volume (TV), fiber number (FN), and mean diffusivity (MD). All patients showed neural tract injury (the decrement of FA, TV, and FN and increment of MD). The left AFs in patients 1 and 2 were shifted from Broca’s and Wernicke’s territories. The destruction of Wernicke’s territory resulted in conduction or transcortical sensory aphasia in patients 3 and 4. The structural difference of the AF in patients following ICH in the left hemisphere was associated with various types of fluent aphasia.

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Language Learning Variability within the Dorsal and Ventral Streams as a Cue for Compensatory Mechanisms in Aphasia Recovery

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

Neurocognitive signatures of phonemic sequencing in expert backward speakers

Neurocognitive signatures of phonemic sequencing in expert backward speakers

Differential Associations of White Matter Brain Age With Language-Related Mechanisms in Word-Finding Ability Across the Adult Lifespan

Structural Characteristic of the Arcuate Fasciculus in Patients with Fluent Aphasia Following Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Diffusion Tensor Tractography Study

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