Large-scale seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Bluetongue virus in Iran

Bakhshesh, Mehran; Otarod, Vahid; Mehrabadi, Mohammad Hossein Fallah

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104994

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the BTV was more active in sheep aged 1 year or less and those more than 3 years. These findings could confirm the continued suggest that young animals become susceptible to BTV infection after 6 months of age, and this may be secondary to the disappearance of protective maternal antibodies 57 . The active circulation of BTV in sheep above 3 years of age strongly confirms recent BTV reinfection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…These findings could confirm the continued infection in Morocco caused by recurrent exposure of older animals to infected Culicoides . The RT-qPCR results suggest that young animals become susceptible to BTV infection after 6 months of age, and this may be secondary to the disappearance of protective maternal antibodies 57 . The active circulation of BTV in sheep above 3 years of age strongly confirms recent BTV reinfection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Likewise, they are generally physiologically active during mating and lactation and are likely to be more vulnerable to BTV infection. The difference could also be due to the inherent susceptibility of females to BTV infection or the influence of other female-specific factors 57 . As it was previously observed for other diseases, females may have a greater number of immune genes and cells that promote a better immune response and high antibody production (quantity and quality) 60 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological and molecular prevalence study of bluetongue virus in small domestic ruminants in Morocco

Daif

Berbri

Lhor³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Bluetongue is an arthropod-borne viral disease transmitted by Culicoides biting midges, affecting domestic and wild ruminants. The current study aims to assess the seroprevalence of the bluetongue virus (BTV) and confirm its active circulation among sheep and goats populations in Morocco, as well as study the risk factors associated with BTV infection. To this end, a total of 1651 samples were randomly collected from 1376 sheep and 275 goats in eight (out of 12) regions of the country between March 2018 and July 2021.These samples were primarily tested using competitive ELISA (c-ELISA). Subsequently, 65% of c-ELISA positives (n = 452) were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results revealed an overall BTV seroprevalence in small ruminants in Morocco of 41.7%, including 42.6% in sheep and 37.5% in goats. The RT-qPCR results showed that the overall BTV viropositivity rate was 46.7%, including 48.1% in sheep and 41.8% in goats. These viro-serological rates varied significantly by age, sex, and breed of the tested animals, husbandry method, season, and geographic origin. This indicates that these parameters constitute risk factors for BTV transmission routes in Morocco. The findings also indicate that goats play a role as reservoirs in maintaining the BTV in Morocco. It appears from this study that bluetongue is endemic in Morocco. The environmental and climate conditions as well as the husbandry methods adopted in the country are particularly favorable for the virus transmission throughout the country.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological and molecular prevalence study of bluetongue virus in small domestic ruminants in Morocco

Daif

Berbri

Lhor³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Bluetongue caused by the bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arboviral non-contagious disease of domestic and wild ruminants and is designated as a reportable disease by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) (1). BTV is a segmented doublestranded (dsRNA) virus belonging to the genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae and transmitted through biting by hematophagous midges of Culicoides (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of the Bluetongue Virus in Cattle in China From 1988 to 2019: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Gong

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Background: Bluetongue caused by the bluetongue virus (BTV) is a non-contagious and an insect-borne disease mainly affecting domestic and wild ruminants. Bluetongue in cattle is associated with vesicular lesions, weight loss, low milk production, and low reproductive capacity. It should not be ignored as it is associated with large economic losses to the livestock breeding industry in China. Although many studies have investigated bluetongue virus infection in cattle, no nationwide study on the prevalence of bluetongue virus infection in cattle from China has yet been conducted. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors for bluetongue in cattle.Results: We collected 50 publications from 1988 to 2019 through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Chinese Web of Knowledge (CNKI), VIP Chinese journal database, and Wanfang database. A total of the pooled bluetongue seroprevalence of 12.2% (5,332/87,472) in cattle was tested. The point estimate of bluetongue collected from 2001 to 2011 was 22.5% (95% CI: 1.2–58.9), which was higher than after 2012 (9.9%, 95% CI: 3.3–19.4). The analysis of the feeding model subgroup revealed that the seroprevalence of bluetongue was significantly higher (P < 0.05) among free-range cattle (22.5%; 95% CI: 7.7–42.3) than among cattle from intensive farming systems (1.8%; 95% CI: 0.0–6.7). The seroprevalence of bluetongue in different species showed significant variation (P < 0.05), with the highest seroprevalence of 39.8% (95% CI: 18.7–63.0) in buffalo and the lowest seroprevalence of 4.3% (95% CI: 1.2–9.0) in yak. In the zoogeographical division subgroup, the seroprevalence of bluetongue correlated positively within a certain range with the species distribution of Culicoides.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that bluetongue was prevalent in cattle in China. In addition, the contact with sheep, other ruminants, or transmission media such as Culicoides may increase the seroprevalence of bluetongue disease in cattle. It is necessary to carry out continuous monitoring of the bluetongue seroprevalence. Moreover, comprehensive and improved strategies and measures should be implemented to prevent and control the spread of bluetongue.

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“…The study showed age-related effects on BTV antibody seroprevalence in ruminants (Table 2 and 4). Therefore, older cattle and goats (greater than 24 months) have increased odds of being seropositive than younger animals (less < 6 months), as reported by various authors, including Adam et al [48] in cattle, Abera et al [49] in small ruminants, and Bakhshesh et al [50] in cattle, sheep, and goats. This could be associated with the type of breeding, mainly grazing and extensive, and a greater opportunity for contact with midges, particularly during the favorable season of the year [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

National seroprevalence and risk factors of bluetongue virus in domestic ruminants in Peru

Navarro-Mamani,

Jurado Pucllas,

Vargas-Calla

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a global infection primarily transmitted among domestic and wild ruminant populations through Culicoides spp. midges. Infection is highly prevalent across temperate and tropical regions; however, significant changes in the global distribution of BTV have been observed in recent years. We aimed to evaluate the national BTV seroprevalence and its risk factors among domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep and goats) in Peru. Ruminant sera (cattle= 3 452, sheep= 2 786 and goats=1 568) were collected using a random, two-stage clustering method and analyzed by c-ELISA. The national BTV seroprevalence was 12.7% (95% CI: 11.00-14.63%) and the seropositivity rate for each species was 19.29% (95% CI: 16.0%–31.1%) in cattle, 8.4 (95% CI: 6.6%–10.5%) in sheep, and 9.2% (95% CI: 5.6%–14.8%) in goats. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate risk factors for BTV seropositivity and to estimate Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% CI. We found that age, altitude, and maximum temperature were identified as crucial factors influencing the prevalence of BTV seroprevalence in cattle, sheep and goats. Older animals, particularly cattle and goats between 6 and 24 months and above 24 months, exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of BTV infection. Additionally, higher altitudes above 3000 masl played a protective role, reducing the risk of BTV transmission. Furthermore, increased maximum temperatures, especially exceeding 30 °C, were associated with a greater prevalence of BTV. This study lays the groundwork for identifying BTV serotypes and Culicoides spp. in different regions, including altitudes above 3000 masl, to enhance BTV surveillance in Peru.

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Large-scale seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Bluetongue virus in Iran

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Serological and molecular prevalence study of bluetongue virus in small domestic ruminants in Morocco

Serological and molecular prevalence study of bluetongue virus in small domestic ruminants in Morocco

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of the Bluetongue Virus in Cattle in China From 1988 to 2019: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

National seroprevalence and risk factors of bluetongue virus in domestic ruminants in Peru

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