The
d-band electron correlations shed a light on bridging multiple
functionalities within one material system, and this further extends
the horizon in material designs and their emerging device applications.
Herein, we demonstrate the combination of thermoelectric and thermistor
functionalities within the perovskite family of correlated rare-earth
nickelates (ReNiO3) having small rare-earth
elements (i.e., YNiO3 and DyNiO3), in addition
to their already known metal-to-insulator transitions. In contrast
to conventional semiconductive materials, the electronic band structure
of ReNiO3 split within the hybridized
Ni3d–O2p is closely coupled to the structure of NiO6 octahedron. Based on such a distinguished feature, it is possible
to achieve the coexistence of a large magnitude of thermopower (S) and negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR)
in the insulating phase of ReNiO3 with
small Re and more distorted NiO6 octahedron.
This establishes a thermoelectric thermistor that can be used for
sensing the thermal perturbations by integrating the two distinguished
detection modes within one system: the active mode utilizing the high
NTCR, and the passive mode utilizing the large S.
It is worth noticing that as-achieved S-NTCR relationship
in ReNiO3 differs form the one for conventional
semiconductors, in which cases enlarging the band gap enlarges S but reduces NTCR. As achieved thermoelectric thermistor
combing thermistor and thermoelectric functionalities via electron
correlation opens up a new direction to explore emerging energy/electronic
devices for sensing the thermal perturbations. The temperature range
that keeps a high thermoelectric thermistor performance (i.e., |TCR
| >2%K–1 and meanwhile S >
100
μVK–1) of ReNiO3 with a small rare-earth radius is possible to cover most of the
outdoor conditions on earth (i.e., −50 to 150 °C).