Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as an analytical tool for equivalence ratio measurement in methane–air premixed flames

Stavropoulos, P.; Michalakou, A.; Skevis, G.; Couris, Stelios

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2005.03.021

Cited by 69 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, due to the small exponent in Eqs. (11), (12), the spark energy only had a weak impact on the plasma temperature. At this point, one can start to discuss the flame kernel.…”

Section: Spectrum Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This phenomenon is already used in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy [11], laser-induced breakdown ignition, flame instability control [12], and flame stabilization. A laser ignition source can be useful for understanding and controlling the ignition process and flame kernel formation in gas turbines, rocket combustors, and internal combustion engines [9,[13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), or laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS), has advanced dramatically due to the availability of online real-time information for a surrogate material without any sample preparation [11]. LIBS, which uses the optical signal from a laser-generated plasma for analytical purposes, has been applied to many fields, such as environmental monitoring, production control of steel, material sorting, toxic substance detection, and removal of coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Laser-induced radical generation and evolution to a self-sustaining flame

Beduneau

Kawahara

Nakayama

et al. 2009

Combustion and Flame

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“…However, due to the small exponent in Eqs. (11), (12), the spark energy only had a weak impact on the plasma temperature. At this point, one can start to discuss the flame kernel.…”

Section: Spectrum Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Laser-induced radical generation and evolution to a self-sustaining flame

Beduneau

Kawahara

Nakayama

et al. 2009

Combustion and Flame

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“…The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can directly measure atomic species over a wide range of mixture fractions of hydrocarbons in air [12][13]. A high-power pulse laser beam is focused at a measuring point in the fuel-air mixture and generates spark (breakdown).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixture distribution measurement using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy in hydrogen direct injection stratified charge

Shudo

Oba

2009

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Reduction in cooling loss due to the heat transfer from burning gas to the combustion chamber wall is very important for improving the thermal efficiency in hydrogen engines. The previous research has shown that the direct injection stratified charge can be a technique to reduce the cooling loss and improve thermal efficiency in hydrogen combustion. For effective reductions in cooling loss by the stratified charge, it is very important to know the relation between the fuel injection conditions and mixture distribution. The current research employs the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy as a method to measure the hydrogen concentration distribution in the direct injection stratified charge. Measurement of instantaneous local equivalence ratio by the method clears the characteristics of mixture formation in hydrogen direct injection stratified charge. This research also tries to actively control the mixture distribution using a split fuel injection.

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“…6 The topic that receives the most attention is the use of LIBS for standoff analysis of explosive residues and biological material for homeland security applications. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Many approaches have been proposed for qualitative analysis of explosive residues. [7][8][9][10][11][12]19,20,22 In particular, the use of atomic ratio of neutral lines of nitrogen, oxygen and carbon [10][11][12][13][14]19,20,22 have been used for the differentiation of explosives residues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative molecular analysis with molecular bands emission using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and chemometrics

Doucet¹,

Faustino²,

Sabsabi³

et al. 2008

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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The present work describes the first quantitative molecular prediction using laser-induced molecular bands along with chemometrics. In addition, this spectroscopic procedure has demonstrated the first complete quantitative analysis utilizing traditionally insensitive elements for pharmaceutical formulations. Atomic LIBS requires certain sensitive elements, such as Cl, F, Br, S and P, in order to quantitate a specific organic compound in a complex matrix. Molecular LIBS has been demonstrated to be the first successful approach using atomic spectroscopy to evaluate a complex organic matrix. This procedure is also the first quantitative analysis using laser-induced molecular bands and chemometrics. We have successfully applied chemometrics to predict the formulation excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in a complex pharmaceutical formulation. Using such an approach, we demonstrate that the accuracy for the API and a formulation lubricant, magnesium stearate, have less than 4% relative bias. The other formulation excipients such as Avicel Ò and lactose have been accurately predicted to have less than a 15% relative bias. Molecular LIBS and chemometrics have provided a novel approach for the quantitative analysis of several molecules that was not technically possible with the traditional atomic LIBS procedure, that required sensitive elements to be present in both API and formulation excipients.

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as an analytical tool for equivalence ratio measurement in methane–air premixed flames

Cited by 69 publications

References 26 publications

Laser-induced radical generation and evolution to a self-sustaining flame

Laser-induced radical generation and evolution to a self-sustaining flame

Mixture distribution measurement using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy in hydrogen direct injection stratified charge

Quantitative molecular analysis with molecular bands emission using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and chemometrics

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