Laser-Produced Plasmas from Solid Deuterium Targets

Colin, Clément; Durand, Yves; Floux, F.; Guyot, D.; Langer, P.; Veyrie, P.

doi:10.1063/1.1656719

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Preliminary experimental results were disclosed in Refs [9] and [13]. Further experiments show the same qualitative behaviour which can be summarized as follows (Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Laser-created plasmas from solid-state targets with a fair amount of hydrogen isotope atoms have been investigated theoretically and experimentally [1 -9 ] . Interest is focused either on plasma injection in fusion devices [4][5][6] or on direct generation of high-temperature plasmas [7][8][9]. In the latter case the target may be a solid surface (semi-infinite medium) or a roughly spherical small particle (total number of ions fixed).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temperature in laser-created deuterium plasmas

et al. 1969

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The beam of a powerful neodymium glass laser is focused into a solid deuterium stick. The temperature of the created plasma is measured by Jahoda's X-ray absorption method. The electron temperature has been found to range up to 450 eV and exhibits a 2/3-power dependence on the power flux density. These results are in agreement with a theoretical model involving a strong shock and a deflagration front propagating inwards the D2 ice whereas the plasma expands in the vacuum towards the incoming beam.

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“…Preliminary experimental results were disclosed in Refs [9] and [13]. Further experiments show the same qualitative behaviour which can be summarized as follows (Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upsupporting

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature in laser-created deuterium plasmas

et al. 1969

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“…However, a large portion of the incident light is reflected from the critical density layer of the plasma (where the laser frequency becomes equal to the plasma frequency and the laser cannot propagate deeper into the plasma) and only a small percentage of the laser energy is transferred to the electrons and even lesser to the ions 11 . In typical laser-solid experiments, the vacuum level of the experimental chamber (typically 10 −5 Torr) is not too high, such that the water vapour and/or hydrocarbons adsorbed on the target surface invariably generate ion species such as H + , C q + , O q + ( q = charge state) in addition to the metal ions from the bulk target 12 13 . Protons, being the lightest of the ions, are easily detected and are almost exclusively studied to probe the acceleration physics.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preferential enhancement of laser-driven carbon ion acceleration from optimized nanostructured surfaces

Dalui

Wang

Trivikram

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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High-intensity ultrashort laser pulses focused on metal targets readily generate hot dense plasmas which accelerate ions efficiently and can pave way to compact table-top accelerators. Laser-driven ion acceleration studies predominantly focus on protons, which experience the maximum acceleration owing to their highest charge-to-mass ratio. The possibility of tailoring such schemes for the preferential acceleration of a particular ion species is very much desired but has hardly been explored. Here, we present an experimental demonstration of how the nanostructuring of a copper target can be optimized for enhanced carbon ion acceleration over protons or Cu-ions. Specifically, a thin (≈0.25 μm) layer of 25–30 nm diameter Cu nanoparticles, sputter-deposited on a polished Cu-substrate, enhances the carbon ion energy by about 10-fold at a laser intensity of 1.2×1018 W/cm2. However, particles smaller than 20 nm have an adverse effect on the ion acceleration. Particle-in-cell simulations provide definite pointers regarding the size of nanoparticles necessary for maximizing the ion acceleration. The inherent contrast of the laser pulse is found to play an important role in the species selective ion acceleration.

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“…11 Furthermore we can assume that laser radiation is stopped when the plasma frequency is equal to laser frequency.…”

Section: Hydrodynamic Model For Deuterium Ice Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various aspects of the problem have been distinguished and the literature offers studies about gas preionization, 3 -4 ionization cascade, 5 -6 hydrodynamic behavior, 7 " 9 and breakdown wave phenomenon. 10 Recently, experiments on ionization and breakdown within transparent solid deuterium ice 11 suggest that the results obtained with gases may be extended to the higher target densities associated with such solid materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Breakdown wave, shock wave, and radiation wave in laser created plasmas

Veyrie

Floux

1970

AIAA Journal

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The various phenomena occurring during the growth of laser generated plasmas are both theoretically and experimentally presented. The experimental results obtained with short and long laser pulses, and short and long focal lengths are described. Their interpretation is based on three different models, depending on experimental condition. The existence of an ionization threshold implies the possibility of a breakdown wave, especially in the case of short pulses, or the formation of a radiation supported shock wave. For experiment with high-density targets, the opacity may be so high that the thermal radiation conductivity is the principal reason for propagation of ionization and heating. Nomenclature a = thermal sound velocity c = speed of light D = velocity of waves EQ = energy of radiation F -free diffusion coefficient of electrons h = Planck constant / = flux density of laser light K = absorption coefficient k = Boltzmann constant n = number density for unit volume, cm~3 P = laser beam power p = pressure r,x = positions T -absolute temperature t = time u = material velocity Z = atomic number 18 = recombination coefficient v = frequency of creation of electron X = ionization potential 12 = geometrical parameter (generally a solid angle) T = delay to ionization p = mass density •y = polytropic coefficient AJ£o = band width of radiation X = mean free path Subscripts 0 = initial or neutral B = related to Bremstrahlung C = related to breakdown E = expansion fan e = associated to electrons i -related to ionization by collisions P = Planck R = radiation wave RO = Rosseland S = shock wave t -related to threshold or direct ionization Presented as Paper 68-678 at the AIAA Fluid and Plasma

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Laser-Produced Plasmas from Solid Deuterium Targets

Abstract: A 2 GW laser interacts with a solid deuterium target. Framing and streak pictures give the evolution of the plasma for different cases of focusing. A tentative interpretation is suggested.

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Temperature in laser-created deuterium plasmas

Temperature in laser-created deuterium plasmas

Preferential enhancement of laser-driven carbon ion acceleration from optimized nanostructured surfaces

Breakdown wave, shock wave, and radiation wave in laser created plasmas

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