Late-Time Spectroscopy of SN 2002cx: The Prototype of a New Subclass of Type Ia Supernovae

Jha, Saurabh W.; Branch, David; Chornock, R.; Foley, R. J.; Li, Weidong; Swift, B.; Casebeer, D.; Filippenko, A. V.

doi:10.1086/504599

Cited by 163 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Summarizing, the late-phase spectrum of SN 2010ae resembles SN 2002cx; the main differences observed are the strength and line ratios of the calcium features. Finally, we note that all late-phase spectra obtained to date of spectroscopically classified SNe Iax suggest a relative dense ejecta at low velocity (Jha et al 2006;Foley et al 2013;McCully et al 2013), and are substantially different from the spectra of similar aged thermonuclear and core-collapse SNe (see Fig. 14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Optical and near-IR observations of the faint and fast 2008ha-like supernova 2010ae

Stritzinger

Hsiao

Valenti

et al. 2014

A&A

171

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A comprehensive set of optical and near-infrared (NIR) photometry and spectroscopy is presented for the faint and fast 2008ha-like supernova (SN) 2010ae. Contingent on the adopted value of host extinction, SN 2010ae reached a peak brightness of −13.8 > M V > −15.3 mag, while modeling of the UVOIR light curve suggests it produced 0.003-0.007 M of 56 Ni, ejected 0.30−0.60 M of material, and had an explosion energy of 0.04-0.30 × 10 51 erg. The values of these explosion parameters are similar to the peculiar SN 2008ha -for which we also present previously unpublished early phase optical and NIR light curves -and places these two transients at the faint end of the 2002cx-like SN population. Detailed inspection of the post-maximum NIR spectroscopic sequence indicates the presence of a multitude of spectral features, which are identified through SYNAPPS modeling to be mainly attributed to Co ii. Comparison with a collection of published and unpublished NIR spectra of other 2002cx-like SNe, reveals that a Co ii footprint is ubiquitous to this subclass of transients, providing a link to Type Ia SNe. A visual-wavelength spectrum of SN 2010ae obtained at +252 days past maximum shows a striking resemblance to a similar epoch spectrum of SN 2002cx. However, subtle differences in the strength and ratio of calcium emission features, as well as diversity among similar epoch spectra of other 2002cx-like SNe indicates a range of physical conditions of the ejecta, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of this peculiar class of transients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…3 and 4, respectively, and the latephase optical spectrum of SN 2010ae is shown in Fig. 12, compared to a similar epoch spectrum of the Type Iax SN 2002cx (Jha et al 2006). …”

Section: Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical and near-IR observations of the faint and fast 2008ha-like supernova 2010ae

Stritzinger

Hsiao

Valenti

et al. 2014

A&A

171

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“…This value is typical of normal SNe Ia and implies that the peculiarities of SN 2002cx-like events cannot be explained by large asymmetries. Branch et al (2004) and Jha et al (2006) have suggested that the unusual properties of SN 2002cx-like events may be consistent with 3D deflagration models. In general, the 3D deflagration models studied to date produce too little kinetic energy, too little and too mixed 56 Ni, and too much unburned carbon and oxygen at low velocity to account for normal-luminosity SNe Ia (Gamezo et al 2004;Blinnikov et al 2006).…”

Section: Comparison With 3d Deflagration Modelsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Branch et al (2004) identified lines due to Si, S, Ca, and Na in spectra of SN 2002cx covering from premaximum to ∼2 months after maximum, and we have observed the same features in our spectra of SN 2005hk. Jha et al (2006) unambiguously identified lines of Ca and Na in spectra of SN 2002cx obtained ∼9 months after maximum. Hence, partially burned material is also clearly present at all layers of the ejecta.…”

Section: Comparison With 3d Deflagration Modelsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Optical spectra obtained ∼7-9 months after maximum were also peculiar in revealing permitted P Cygni emission lines of Fe ii and intermediate-mass elements, such as Na and Ca, at a phase when normal SN Ia spectra are dominated by forbidden emission lines of Fe . Branch et al (2004) and Jha et al (2006) have speculated that the peculiar nature of SN 2002cx may be consistent with the pure deflagration of a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf. Alternatively, Kasen et al (2004) suggested that SN 2002cx might be a subluminous SN 1991bg-like explosion viewed through a hole in the ejecta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Peculiar SN 2005hk: Do Some Type Ia Supernovae Explode as Deflagrations?

Phillips¹,

Li²,

Frieman³

et al. 2007

PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC

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206

112

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ABSTRACT. We present extensive photometry and optical spectroscopy of the Type Ia u g r i BVRIYJHK s supernova (SN) 2005hk. These data reveal that SN 2005hk was nearly identical in its observed properties to SN 2002cx, which has been called "the most peculiar known Type Ia supernova." Both supernovae exhibited highionization SN 1991T-like premaximum spectra, yet low peak luminosities like that of SN 1991bg. The spectra reveal that SN 2005hk, like SN 2002cx, exhibited expansion velocities that were roughly half those of typical Type Ia supernovae. The R and I light curves of both supernovae were also peculiar in not displaying the secondary maximum observed for normal Type Ia supernovae. Our YJH photometry of SN 2005hk reveals the same peculiarity in the near-infrared. By combining our optical and near-infrared photometry of SN 2005hk with published ultraviolet light curves obtained with the Swift satellite, we are able to construct a bolometric light curve from ∼15 days before to ∼60 days after B maximum. The shape and unusually low peak luminosity of this light curve, plus the low expansion velocities and absence of a secondary maximum at red and near-infrared wavelengths, are all in reasonable agreement with model calculations of a three-dimensional deflagration that produces ∼0.2 M , of 56 Ni.

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Handbook of Supernovae

Alsabti¹

2016

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Type Iax supernovae (SN Iax), also called SN 2002cx-like supernovae, are the largest class of "peculiar" white dwarf (thermonuclear) supernovae, with over fifty members known. SN Iax have lower ejecta velocity and lower luminosities, and these parameters span a much wider range, than normal type Ia supernovae (SN Ia). SN Iax are spectroscopically similar to some SN Ia near maximum light, but are unique among all supernovae in their late-time spectra, which never become fully "nebular". SN Iax overwhelmingly occur in late-type host galaxies, implying a relatively young population. The SN Iax 2012Z is the only white dwarf supernova for which a pre-explosion progenitor system has been detected. A variety of models have been proposed, but one leading scenario has emerged: a type Iax supernova may be a pure-deflagration explosion of a carbon-oxygen (or hybrid carbon-oxygen-neon) white dwarf, triggered by helium accretion to the Chandrasekhar mass, that does not necessarily fully disrupt the star.

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Late-Time Spectroscopy of SN 2002cx: The Prototype of a New Subclass of Type Ia Supernovae

Cited by 163 publications

References 44 publications

Optical and near-IR observations of the faint and fast 2008ha-like supernova 2010ae

Optical and near-IR observations of the faint and fast 2008ha-like supernova 2010ae

The Peculiar SN 2005hk: Do Some Type Ia Supernovae Explode as Deflagrations?

Handbook of Supernovae

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