Latitudinal distributions of organic nitrogen and organic carbon in marine aerosols over the western North Pacific

Miyazaki, Y.; Kawamura, Kimitaka; Jung, Jinyoung; Furutani, Hiroshi; Uematsu, Mitsuo

doi:10.5194/acp-11-3037-2011

Cited by 183 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This again suggests that there is a contribution to aerosol TN from the ocean surface. Significant emissions of organic nitrogen from ocean surface were reported in the marine aerosols from the northern North Pacific (Miyazaki et al, 2011).…”

Section: Samples and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributions of low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls in the marine aerosols collected over the Arctic Ocean during late summer

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Oxalic and other small dicarboxylic acids have been reported as important water-soluble organic constituents of atmospheric aerosols from different environments. Their molecular distributions are generally characterized by the predominance of oxalic acid (C 2 ) followed by malonic (C 3 ) and/or succinic (C 4 ) acids. In this study, we collected marine aerosols from the Arctic Ocean during late summer in 2009 when sea ice was retreating. The marine aerosols were analyzed for the molecular distributions of dicarboxylic acids as well as ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls to better understand the source of water-soluble organics and their photochemical processes in the high Arctic marine atmosphere. We found that diacids are more abundant than ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls, but their concentrations are generally low (< 30 ng m −3 ), except for one sample (up to 70 ng m −3 ) that was collected near the mouth of Mackenzie River during clear sky condition. Although the molecular compositions of diacids are in general characterized by the predominance of oxalic acid, a depletion of C 2 was found in two samples in which C 4 became the most abundant. Similar depletion of oxalic acid has previously been reported in the Arctic aerosols collected at Alert after polar sunrise and in the summer aerosols from the coast of Antarctica. Because the marine aerosols that showed a depletion of C 2 were collected under the overcast and/or foggy conditions, we suggest that a photochemical decomposition of oxalic acid may have occurred in aqueous phase of aerosols over the Arctic Ocean via the photo dissociation of oxalate-Fe (III) complex. We also determined stable carbon isotopic compositions (δ 13 C) of bulk aerosol carbon and individual diacids. The δ 13 C of bulk aerosols showed −26.5 ‰ (range: −29.7 to −24.7 ‰), suggesting that marine aerosol carbon is derived from both terrestrial and marine organic materials. In contrast, oxalic acid showed much larger δ 13 C values (average: −20.9 ‰, range: −24.7 ‰ to −17.0 ‰) than those of bulk aerosol carbon. Interestingly, δ 13 C values of oxalic acid were higher than C 3 (av. −26.6 ‰) and C 4 (−25.8 ‰) diacids, suggesting that oxalic acid is enriched with 13 C due to its photochemical processing (aging) in the marine atmosphere.

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Section: Samples and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributions of low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls in the marine aerosols collected over the Arctic Ocean during late summer

et al. 2012

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“…The extracts were then filtrated using a syringe filter (Millex-GV, 0.22 µm) and analysed for WSOC using a total organic carbon (TOC) analyser (Model TOC-Vcsh, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) (Miyazaki et al, 2011). Before the measurement of WSOC, the extract was acidified with 1.2 M HCl and purged with pure air in order to remove dissolved inorganic carbon and volatile organics.…”

Section: Carbonaceous Aerosol Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to organic aerosols and particulate matter in Tanzania, East Africa, based on analyses of ionic species, organic and elemental carbon, levoglucosan and mannosan

2013

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol samples of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were collected at a rural site in Tanzania, East Africa, in 2011 during wet and dry seasons and were analysed for carbonaceous components, levoglucosan, mannosan and watersoluble inorganic ions. The contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to the organic carbon (OC) and particulate matter (PM) mass were estimated to be 46-52 % and 8-13 %, respectively. The mean mass concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 28 ± 6 µg m −3 and 47 ± 8 µg m −3 in wet season, and 39 ± 10 µg m −3 and 61 ± 19µg m −3 in dry season, respectively. Total carbon (TC) accounted for 16-19 % of the PM 2.5 mass and 13-15 % of the PM 10 mass. On average, 86 to 89 % of TC in PM 2.5 and 87 to 90 % of TC in PM 10 was OC, of which 67-72 % and 63 % was found to be water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM 2.5 and PM 10 , respectively. We found that concentrations of levoglucosan and mannosan (specific organic tracers of pyrolysis of cellulose) well correlated with non-sea-salt potassium (nss-K + ) (r 2 = 0.56-0.75), OC (r 2 = 0.75-0.96) and WSOC (r 2 = 0.52-0.78). The K + / OC ratios varied from 0.06 to 0.36 in PM 2.5 and from 0.03 to 0.36 in PM 10 with slightly higher ratios in dry season. Mean percent ratios of levoglucosan and mannosan to OC were found to be 3-4 % for PM 2.5 and PM 10 in both seasons. We found lower levoglucosan / K + ratios and higher K + / EC (elemental carbon) ratios in the biomass-burning aerosols from Tanzania than those reported from other regions. This feature is consistent with the high levels of potassium reported in the soils of Morogoro, Tanzania, suggesting an importance of direct emission of potassium by soil resuspension although K + is present mostly in fine particles. It is also likely that biomass burning of vegetation of Tanzania emits high levels of potassium that may be enriched in plant tissues. The present study demonstrates that emissions from mixed biomass-and biofuel-burning activities largely influence the air quality in Tanzania.

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“…The reactive uptake of amines and subsequent displacement of ammonium on the particles provide an additional pathway for gas-to-particle conversion of amines (Qiu et al, 2011;Chan and Chan, 2012). The mechanisms discussed above support the observations of ambient particle-phase amines in various domains such as in boreal forests (Mäkelä et al, 2001;Smith et al, 2010), in urban and rural areas (Pratt et al, 2009;Smith et al, 2010;VandenBoer et al, 2011;Huang et al, 2012), and in the remote marine boundary layer (Facchini et al, 2008;Miyazaki et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Determination of alkylamines in atmospheric aerosol particles: a comparison of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and ion chromatography approaches

Huang

Wang

et al. 2014

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. In recent years low molecular weight alkylamines have been recognized to play an important role in particle formation and growth in the lower atmosphere. However, major uncertainties are associated with their atmospheric processes, sources and sinks, mostly due to the lack of ambient measurements and the difficulties in accurate quantification of alkylamines at trace level. In this study, we present the evaluation and optimization of two analytical approaches, i.e., gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ion chromatography (IC), for the determination of alkylamines in aerosol particles. Alkylamines were converted to carbamates through derivatization with isobutyl chloroformate for GC-MS determination. A set of parameters affecting the analytical performances of the GC-MS approach, including reagent amount, reaction time and pH value, was evaluated and optimized. The accuracy is 84.3-99.1 %, and the limits of detection obtained are 1.8-3.9 pg (or 0.02-0.04 ng m −3 ). For the IC approach, a solid-phase extraction (SPE) column was used to separate alkylamines from interfering cations before IC analysis. 1-2 % (v/v) of acetone (or 2-4 % (v/v) of acetonitrile) was added to the eluent to improve the separation of alkylamines on the IC column. The limits of detection obtained are 2.1-15.9 ng (or 0.9-6.4 ng m −3 ), and the accuracy is 55.1-103.4 %. The lower accuracy can be attributed to evaporation losses of amines during the sample concentration procedure. Measurements of ambient aerosol particle samples collected in Hong Kong show that the GC-MS approach is superior to the IC approach for the quantification of primary and secondary alkylamines due to its lower detection limits and higher accuracy.

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Latitudinal distributions of organic nitrogen and organic carbon in marine aerosols over the western North Pacific

Cited by 183 publications

References 52 publications

Distributions of low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls in the marine aerosols collected over the Arctic Ocean during late summer

Distributions of low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls in the marine aerosols collected over the Arctic Ocean during late summer

Contributions of biomass/biofuel burning to organic aerosols and particulate matter in Tanzania, East Africa, based on analyses of ionic species, organic and elemental carbon, levoglucosan and mannosan

Determination of alkylamines in atmospheric aerosol particles: a comparison of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and ion chromatography approaches

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