Latvijas Neatkarības karš 1919.‒1920. gadā: savējo karavīru noziegumi

Jēkabsons, Ēriks; fakultāte, Latvijas Universitātes Vēstures un filozofijas

doi:10.22364/lviz.112.03

Cited by 2 publications

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“…On the whole, the British representatives had a rather hopeful impression of the difficult situation of the government and of its relations with the German forces, von der Goltz and the Landeswehr. 9 Grant-Watson himself recalled that during a reception on board Caledon, Walter Cowan, commander of the British Naval Baltic Squadron, offered to accompany him on a trip to Liepāja in order to better acquaint himself with the conditions. The authorities of the mission agreed, granting Grant-Watson a leave.…”

Section: Arrival In Liepājamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On 30 June, Duff reported that Grant-Watson, after the previous day's talks, had, like the Gough mission, "supported the need to halt the Estonian advance towards Riga". 42 On 1 July, Grant-Watson, in a wideranging report on the situation, admitted that the government of A. Niedra had marked "probably the zenith of the German element in the Baltic provinces". He wrote: "Supported by the German army of Gen eral Count von der Goltz and strengthened by numerous enlistments of German sub jects, the Baltic Landeswehr was able to completely dominate the Lettish army and administration and form a military dicta torship.…”

Section: Crisis In Late May -Early July 1919mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activities of Herbert Grant-Watson, British Foreign Office Representative in Latvia in March–August 1919

Jēkabsons

2023

LUZV

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The first half of the Latvian War of Independence, from November 1918 to the summer of 1919, was particularly difficult, with the interests of all neighbouring countries and the divided Latvian society (Baltic Germans, Latvians, Bolsheviks, etc.) clashing in the midst of a brutal war in Latvia. In this situation, the representatives of the Western powers, with Britain being the most widely represented, had a presence in Latvia from the end of 1918, with British naval vessels, the Military Mission and the Political Mission from the spring and summer of 1919. From March 1919 – an unofficial representative of the Foreign Office, Herbert Adolphus Grant-Watson, was very active in Latvia, hence, the study of his activities is particularly important. The aim of this article is to establish the circumstances and results of Grant-Watson’s activities in Liepāja and Riga in March–August 1919, examining them chronologically. This task is accomplished on the basis of the materials acquired in British National Archives and other sources.

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Section: Arrival In Liepājamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crisis In Late May -Early July 1919mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities of Herbert Grant-Watson, British Foreign Office Representative in Latvia in March–August 1919

Jēkabsons

2023

LUZV

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“…By the start of World War I, 54% of land in the Baltic provinces of the Russian empire still belonged to Baltic Germans (Skujenieks 1922). When the Russian empire crumbled at the end of World War I, bloody civil wars determined that some of its provinces, such as the provinces of current-day Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, became the founding members of the Soviet Union, while others established independent nation-states, such as Latvia and Estonia (Ciganovs 2013;Jēkabsons 2020;Velychenko 2021). For both nationalist and socialist polities, land and territoryand thus property and sovereigntywere intricately linked.…”

Section: Changing Regimes Of Property and Rulementioning

confidence: 99%

Good enough sovereignty, or on land as property and territory in Latvia

Dzenovska

2022

History and Anthropology

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After European Union expansion in the 2000s, Danish farmers went eastward in search of cheap land. In Latvia, they encountered indebted farmers and impoverished rural residents who readily sold their land, while at the same time harbouring resentment towards 'the Dane' for undermining Latvia's sovereignty. In the view of significant segments of the Latvian public, ownership of land and territorial rule were intricately linked. In the view of 'the Dane' and the European Union, refusal to separate ownership from ruleor property from sovereigntywas a mark of 'notyet-mature' liberal democratic subjects. While European Union institutions monitored and disciplined the Latvian state's attempts to juridically restrict foreign land ownership, the Latvian state sought to use financial instruments to limit land sales to foreigners. Drawing on ethnographic analysis of the tensions surrounding the Danish presence in the Latvian countryside and on historical analysis of the shifting regimes of ownership and rule since the beginning of the twentieth century, this article traces the emergence of 'good enough sovereignty' as a form of political practice aimed at ensuring continued existence of the Latvian state and Latvian farmers. KEYWORDSSovereignty; capitalism; land; postsocialism; danish farmers 'You need to talk to Roberts', said Inta, the head of a municipality in Latgale, the eastern part of Latvia close to the border with Russia, when I asked her about the tensions surrounding the arrival of Danish farmers to the countryside that was otherwise losing residents en masse (Dzenovska 2011(Dzenovska , 2020(Dzenovska , 2018a. Roberts was employed by 'the Dane', as Inta put it, and thus should be able to tell me more about how 'the Dane' worked and lived. When I met with Roberts on a late summer afternoon in 2011 by 'the Dane's' machine shop, he told me about Regina. Regina was over 80. She owned a farmhouse with some land, but was living in an apartment in the nearby town centre. Recently, Regina had sold the farmhouse and the surrounding land to 'the Dane' on condition that he wouldn't take down the house to make more room for cultivation while she was still alive. One day, 'the Dane' had called Roberts, saying that he had seen Regina's grave in the cemetery. 'I told him that it wasn't possible', Roberts explained, 'I knew

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Latvijas Neatkarības karš 1919.‒1920. gadā: savējo karavīru noziegumi

Cited by 2 publications

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Activities of Herbert Grant-Watson, British Foreign Office Representative in Latvia in March–August 1919

Activities of Herbert Grant-Watson, British Foreign Office Representative in Latvia in March–August 1919

Good enough sovereignty, or on land as property and territory in Latvia

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