Le « boom » de l’hévéa au Cambodge : une conversion hasardeuse pour les petits producteurs autochtones de Ratanakiri ?

Gironde, Christophe; Fortunel, Frédéric

doi:10.4000/books.irasec.191

“…And rubber is deemed attractive 'due to its fewer (agricultural) inputs, long economic life and high market demand' (CDRI, 2009, 13). Other studies draw attention to the fact that rubber plantations 'require huge investment in both financial and technical resources' (Yem et al, 2011), and that small producers might not be paid adequately for their rubber because of the commercialisation system (Gironde and Fortunel, 2014). Predictions made over the last decade are not optimistic about the sustainability of local populations' livelihoods, particularly when considering the rate of forest loss (Fox et al, 2008), the unavoidable abandonment of traditional farming practices (Ruohomäki, 2004), and 'neo-patrimonialism' practices and abusive power relations (Un and So, 2011;Ironside, 2009).…”

Section: Research Background and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

7 From Lagging Behind to Losing Ground: Cambodian and Laotian Household Economy and Large-Scale Land Acquisitions

Gironde,

Portilla

2016

Large-Scale Land Acquisitions

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Large-scale land deals in the agriculture and forestry sectors have significantly affected livelihoods in South-East Asia. This chapter analyses the implementation of land deals for rubber plantations since the mid-2000s and their consequences for rural livelihoods in north-eastern Cambodia and southern Laos. The analysis provides empirical material on how these deals were facilitated by previous policies and how they were implemented on the ground. It further highlights different levels of dispossession in in a series of villages studied and examines the uneven transformations in people's livelihoods. The conclusions complement scholarly assessments of land deals' immediate impact with a medium-term analysis of the consequent transformation of livelihoods. The chapter indicates that land acquisitions and related crop booms have set in motion dynamic, market-based developments including changes in social attitudes and lifestyles. Yet, the majority of the population has been caught in an insecure environment, where it is vulnerable to the opportunistic behaviours of more powerful actors. Family farming-based livelihoods are no longer 'lagging behind' , as they were once considered; they are now losing ground, as opportunities to diversify their means of subsistence remain inadequate. Finally, the chapter provides policy-relevant recommendations on how to alleviate some of the worst short-term consequences for the local rural populations.

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“…And rubber is deemed attractive 'due to its fewer (agricultural) inputs, long economic life and high market demand' (CDRI, 2009, 13). Other studies draw attention to the fact that rubber plantations 'require huge investment in both financial and technical resources' (Yem et al, 2011), and that small producers might not be paid adequately for their rubber because of the commercialisation system (Gironde and Fortunel, 2014). Predictions made over the last decade are not optimistic about the sustainability of local populations' livelihoods, particularly when considering the rate of forest loss (Fox et al, 2008), the unavoidable abandonment of traditional farming practices (Ruohomäki, 2004), and 'neo-patrimonialism' practices and abusive power relations Ironside, 2009).…”

Section: Research Background and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Land Acquisitions

Gironde¹,

Golay²,

Messerli³

2015

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Dépossession foncière, transition agraire et capacité d’adaptation

Gironde¹,

Ramirez²

2019

ried

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Depuis le milieu des années 2000, le Nord-Est du Cambodge connaît une transition agraire rapide et radicale impulsée par des entreprises agricoles qui se sont constituées en acquérant et, en partie, en accaparant d’importantes superficies de terres agricoles, et par une forte immigration khmère. Les ménages autochtones, qui se sont vus dépossédés d’une partie de ces terres et ressources naturelles, tentent de réorganiser leurs activités productives, mais sans succès pour la majorité d’entre eux, au prix d’un mode d’exploitation des terres restantes et d’un endettement qui ne semblent pas durables. L’article analyse ces processus marqués par des inégalités économiques et sociales croissantes entre autochtones et Khmers, comme parmi les populations autochtones.

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Le « boom » de l’hévéa au Cambodge : une conversion hasardeuse pour les petits producteurs autochtones de Ratanakiri ?

Cited by 4 publications

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7 From Lagging Behind to Losing Ground: Cambodian and Laotian Household Economy and Large-Scale Land Acquisitions

7 From Lagging Behind to Losing Ground: Cambodian and Laotian Household Economy and Large-Scale Land Acquisitions

Large-Scale Land Acquisitions

Dépossession foncière, transition agraire et capacité d’adaptation

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