Le Sahara entre espace de circulation et frontière migratoire de l'Europe

Brachet, Julien; Choplin, Armelle; Pliez, Olivier

doi:10.3917/her.142.0163

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Scholars who studied the subject are locating the beginning of the African migrations toward Turkey in the middle of the 90's, a phenomenon which was at first very uncommon and scanty. During the last decade, it turns out to be a lasting component of this 1 Here a selection of authors : Lisa Anteby-Yemini (2008); Hassen Boubakri and Sylvie Mazzell (2005); Jocelyne Streiff-Fénart and Philippe Poutignat (2008); Julien Brachet, Armelle Choplin, and Olivier Pliez (2011); Eleonora Castagnone (2011). migratory system, implying a "new deal" to be studied by scholars 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

African migrations toward Turkey: beyond the stepping stone

Fait¹

2013

Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi

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The notion of transit migration emerged in policy discourse during the 1990s. Various meanings have been assigned to the notion of transit migrant or transit migration'. In this paper we argue that these are constructed categories which are unable to address fully or to describe a range of complex experiences, political contexts and global realities. We first argue that the construction of transit has primarily taken place within the context of European securitization policy. We next expose the limits of such a construction in the light of African migrant experiences in Turkey. Our empirical data shows that while the category of transit migrant generated out of the European securitization agenda can fit some of these experiences, there are also distinctive African migrant experiences in Turkey which cannot be stretched easily into this category and thus it becomes an overloaded category. Furthermore, we aim to highlight what we identify as a new migratory system stretched between Turkey and Africa, these modalities of operation and the expected changes for Turkey.Keywords: Transit, African migrants, Turkey, European securitization, Migratory system Afrika'dan Türkiye'ye Göç: Atlama Tahtasından ÖteyeÖzet 1990'lı yılların siyasi söyleminde ortaya çıkan 'transit göç' veya 'transit göçmen' kavramlarına çeşitli anlamlar yüklenmiştir. Biz bu makalede, bir dizi karmaşık tecrübeyi, siyasi bağlamı ve küresel gerçekliği tam olarak işaret etmekte veya tanımlamakta kifayetsiz kalan söz konusu kavramların inşa edilmiş kategoriler olduklarını savunuyoruz. İlk olarak transitin inşasının Avrupa güvenlik politikası çerçevesinde cereyan etmiş olduğunu gösteriyoruz. Daha sonra Türkiye'deki Afrikalı göçmenlerin tecrübeleri ışığında bu kavramın sınırlarını gözler önüne seriyoruz. Elde ettiğimiz ampirik verilere dayanarak, Avrupa güvenlik gündeminin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan transit göçmen kategorisinin bu tecrübelerin bir kısmına uygun düşmekle beraber hatırı sayılır diğer bir kısmının ise bu başlık altına sıkıştırılamayacağını; dolayısıyla bu kategorinin aşırı yüklenmiş bir hal aldığını söylüyoruz. Ayrıca, Türkiye ile Afrika arasında gelişen, yeni bir göç sistemi olarak tanımladığımız sürecin, harekât biçimlerinin ve Türkiye için beklenen değişikliklerin altını çiziyoruz.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

African migrations toward Turkey: beyond the stepping stone

Fait¹

2013

Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi

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“…While there is a great deal of literature about the effects of migration management on migrants’ conditions and social mobility “inside” the destination country (e.g., access to rights, integration, and assimilation), research on its “outside” effects remains less plentiful. An important issue is how externalized control policies affect migratory spaces, routes, and places prior to arriving at intended countries of destination (FitzGerald and Palomo 2018; Torre and Yee 2018), as in Africa or the Middle East (Brachet et al 2011; Boyer 2019). Reconsidering the process of mobility in light of migration management policies is thus a necessary enlargement of traditional economic, social, cultural, and environmental factors that coalesce in the construction of individual and social migration strategies (Castles 2004; Zaiotti 2016).…”

Section: Policies For Managing Migration and Migratory Dynamics: Toward A Renewed Analytic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration Management and Changes in Mobility Patterns in the North and Central American Region

Faret

Téllez

Rodríguez-Tapia

2021

Journal on Migration and Human Security

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Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, changes have occurred in the regional dynamics of international migration and in the ways governments manage human mobility. This article argues that the migratory system connecting the three northern countries of Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras) with Mexico and the United States has not been accompanied by regional management of migratory flows. Instead, a succession of government plans and projects reveals a perspective marked by the effects of the “externalization” of US borders, leading to more complex migration routes and increased vulnerability of migrants. The article discusses how externalized control policies influence migratory spaces, routes, and timelines, and leave many stranded in transit countries before they eventually arrive at their intended destinations. Reconsidering the process of mobility in light of migration management policies would appropriately enlarge the traditional economic, social, cultural, and environmental factors that affect migration strategies.

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“…Il se situe au carrefour de plusieurs routes et réseaux migratoires vers les pays africains dont la Libye. Les mobilités maliennes vers l'Afrique du Nord ont comme toile de fond les mobilités religieuses pour le pèlerinage et la formation (Brachet et al, 2011 ;Bava et Boissevain, 2014) ainsi que le commerce transsaharien (Grégoire et Schmitz, 2000 ;Lovejoy, 2011). S'appuyant sur ce continuum historique, la Libye est devenue l'une des destinations les plus privilégiées par les Maliens dans la période postcoloniale.…”

Section: Contextualisation Historique Du Nexus Migration Crises Et Sécurité Entre Le Mali Et La Libyeunclassified

L’aventure libyenne et ses vécus politiques et sécuritaires pour les migrants maliens

Sylla¹

2020

anthropodev

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Cet article décrit et analyse l'historicité des expulsions des Maliens de Libye, à partir de la seconde moitié des années 1980, et l'instrumentalisation des enjeux migratoires dans les politiques économiques et sécuritaires nationales et interrégionales à partir des perceptions et des perspectives des rapatriés. Il démontre comment la fabrique des rapatriés, une catégorie de migrants de retour au pays, participe à la complexité de la situation contemporaine au Mali. Il souligne aussi comment, au tournant des années 2000, l'Union européenne a contribué à renforcer ce processus. L'article s'appuie sur des données issues d'entretiens réalisés avec des rapatriés maliens de Libye et avec des officiels maliens impliqués dans la gestion des migrations, ainsi que sur des débats radiophoniques et des conférences de presse sur le rapatriement et la crise migratoire en Libye. L'article contribue aux débats sur les parcours des migrants, souvent marqués par la violence, l'insécurité, la stigmatisation et l'exclusion.

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Le Sahara entre espace de circulation et frontière migratoire de l'Europe

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

African migrations toward Turkey: beyond the stepping stone

African migrations toward Turkey: beyond the stepping stone

Migration Management and Changes in Mobility Patterns in the North and Central American Region

L’aventure libyenne et ses vécus politiques et sécuritaires pour les migrants maliens

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