Legal and organizational principles of protection of the rights of refugees and internally displaced persons

Abstract

It is indicated that the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine caused the largest displacement of citizens of our country. Most of our citizens were accepted by Poland. Since the beginning of the full-scale invasion, almost 6 million people have crossed its border (perhaps a certain part did not stop in Poland, but moved on to Europe). At the same time, many people are returning home. Everyone's reasons for returning are individual, one of them is the financial difficulties faced by citizens abroad, despite the help provided to them by both EU states and volunteers. It was noted that the concepts of "refugees" and "displaced persons (internally displaced persons)" are by no means identical from a legal point of view. An internally displaced person is a person who was forced to leave his place of residence as a result of or in order to avoid the negative consequences of armed conflict, temporary occupation, widespread manifestations of violence, violations of human rights and emergency situations of a natural or man-made nature. It is emphasized that internally displaced persons remain within their own country, unlike refugees. The legal definition of a "refugee" may differ slightly in different countries of the world, but its key characteristic is forced migration beyond the borders of one's country of origin and seeking asylum abroad. It was noted that the digitalization policy is aimed at facilitating the interaction between people and the state. When a country becomes "digital", it attracts the attention of investors. Building a digital country is a course for economic success. So far, it is difficult to talk about successes or failures in this area, since we are only at the beginning of this journey. However, we can already say that Ukraine is developing in the direction of the European Union, actively introducing digital technologies. In the conditions of war, in order to protect the rights of refugees and IDPs, it is digitalization that contributes to the harmonious functioning of the mechanism for protecting the rights of the above-mentioned persons.

Legal regulation of labor of internally displaced persons in Ukraine

“…The article by Byelov D. M. and Bielova M. V. is devoted to consideration of directions of pretrial settlement of disputes regarding labor issues of internally displaced persons [8]. The mentioned authors indicate that a certain part of the legal reg ulation of the labor of IDPs can be solved in a pretrial manner by settling the issues of the use of digital tools in the current legislation, in particular, the expansion of the use of digital documents, digital signatures, the conclusion of contracts re motely and the normalization of legal assistance to IDPs in conditions of war, for example, using the Action digital tool, etc.…”