Leishmania lipophosphoglycan components: A potent target for synthetic neoglycoproteins as a vaccine candidate for leishmaniasis

Mohammed, Aiman Saleh A.; Tian, Weilu; Zhang, Youqin; Peng, Peng; Wang, Fengshan; Li, Tianlu

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116120

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Depending on the region, Leishmania is transmitted by different phlebotomine sand fly vectors ( 3 ). There is no human vaccine ( 4 , 5 ) and the prevalence of leishmaniasis is closely linked to the human development index and environmental degradation ( 6 , 7 ). This zoonosis remains a serious public health problem and is recognized as one of the 20 major neglected tropical diseases ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum: Parasite Sequencing, Seropositivity, and Clinical Characterization in an Endemic Area From Brazil

et al. 2021

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Zoonotic leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum is a disease of One Health concern since human and animal cases and environmental damage are interconnected. L. infantum has a complex epidemiological cycle with multiple hosts, including mammals—humans, domestic, and wild animals—and arthropod vectors. Knowledge on mammal infections in endemic areas is crucial for developing control strategies. This work aimed to detect and characterize L. infantum infection in domestic cats from areas where human and canine leishmaniasis cases occur. No cases of feline leishmaniasis (FeL) had been previously reported in those areas. Five municipalities from Bahia state were chosen, comprising 2,480.8 km2 with 1,103,866 inhabitants. Ninety domiciliated and/or sheltered cats underwent clinical examination and serology by a rapid reference test recommended by the Brazilian government. Cytology, PCR, and parasite DNA sequencing were performed in bone marrow samples. Rapid tests detected antibodies in 5.6% (5/90) of the cats. Leishmania infantum infection was confirmed in 7.8% (7/90) of the cats by PCR, sequencing, and parasite isolation. Three out of the five municipalities (60%) had infected cats, and PCR positivity varied from 6.9 to 29%. One cat was categorized as harboring active L. infantum infection with amastigote forms in bone marrow smears. No clinical signs were detected at the first clinical exam, but 1 month later the cat developed severe FeL. The cat isolate was grown in culture, typed and its DNA sequence was homologous to the L. infantum reference strain (PP75). In conclusion, cats are potential hosts and may acquire L. infantum in endemic areas where canine and human cases occur. For cats, the need for surveillance, differential diagnosis and clinical care is highly recommended since a fast clinical progression of FeL developed in a subclinical animal. An accurate standardized immunodiagnostic assay for FeL is warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum: Parasite Sequencing, Seropositivity, and Clinical Characterization in an Endemic Area From Brazil

et al. 2021

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“…The carbohydrate-based vaccine is intensively studied for their potentiality to become vaccine candidates. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens and polysaccharides located on the surface of pathogenic microorganisms can be recognized by the host immune system [25], which opens a new era in glycobiology and vaccination availability [3] since polysaccharides have a vital role in cell-cell recognition and interaction with the immune system. Many vaccine formulations contain polysaccharidesbased antigens such as bacterial capsular polysaccharides or tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens which have been used in many vaccines formulations [26].…”

Section: Application In Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides; Classification, Chemical Properties, and Future Perspective Applications in Fields of Pharmacology and Biological Medicine (A Review of Current Applications and Upcoming Potentialities)

2021

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Polysaccharides are essential macromolecules which almost exist in all living forms, and have important biological functions, they are getting more attention because they exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumour, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticoagulant, antidiabetic, antiviral, and hypoglycemia activities, making them one of the most promising candidates in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Polysaccharides can be obtained from many different sources, such as plants, microorganisms, algae, and animals. Due to their physicochemical properties, they are susceptible to physical and chemical modifications leading to enhanced properties, which is the basic concept for their diverse applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. In this review, we will give insight into the most recent updated applications of polysaccharides and their potentialities as alternatives for traditional and conventional therapies. Challenges and limitations for polysaccharides in pharmaceutical utilities are discussed as well.

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“…Approaches that have been studied include live vectors, classified as first-generation vaccines, 105 second-generation recombinant proteins (produced through genetically engineered cells) and thirdgeneration DNA motifs, in combination with immunomodulatory adjuvants, 106 CpG oligonucleotides, 107 and conventional adjuvants. 108,109 The leishmanization approach, which includes inoculation of live virulent L. major promastigotes, was investigated in the past in different countries with some positive outcomes, but after undesirable symptoms observed in some individuals and safety issues, this practice was abandoned. 110 Most efforts at the moment are concentrated on the development of a recombinant protein vaccine, and several antigens have been tested in animal models, with few of them advanced to clinical trials, such as LEISH-F1, formerly called Leish-111f.…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current leishmaniasis drug discovery

Pinheiro

Souza

2022

RSC Med. Chem.

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Leishmania lipophosphoglycan components: A potent target for synthetic neoglycoproteins as a vaccine candidate for leishmaniasis

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Feline Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum: Parasite Sequencing, Seropositivity, and Clinical Characterization in an Endemic Area From Brazil

Feline Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum: Parasite Sequencing, Seropositivity, and Clinical Characterization in an Endemic Area From Brazil

Polysaccharides; Classification, Chemical Properties, and Future Perspective Applications in Fields of Pharmacology and Biological Medicine (A Review of Current Applications and Upcoming Potentialities)

Current leishmaniasis drug discovery

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