Length of hospital stay and risk of intensive care admission and in-hospital death among COVID-19 patients in Norway: a register-based cohort study comparing patients fully vaccinated with an mRNA vaccine to unvaccinated patients

Whittaker, Robert; Kristofferson, Anja Bråthen; Salamanca, Beatriz Valcárcel; Seppälä, Elina; Golestani, Karan; Kvåle, Reidar; Watle, Sara Viksmoen; Buanes, Eirik Alnes

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2022.01.033

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similarly, another retrospective cohort study conducted in Brazil reported the reduction in hospital stays and the need for mechanical ventilation in infected health care workers vaccinated with Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1) or Corona vac [79]. Similar studies conducted elsewhere have shown the efficacy of vaccines in reducing the severity of COVID-19 and the length of hospital stay [80][81][82][83][84]. Similar to other studies, our study also shows a reduction in hospital stay by four days in fully vaccinated patients compared to unvaccinated patients indicating the efficacy of the COVISHIELD vaccine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Assessment of Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients

et al. 2022

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Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which causes coronavirus disease–19 (COVID-19) in humans, have been developed and are being tested for safety and efficacy. We conducted the cross-sectional prospective cohort study on 820 patients who were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were admitted to Princess Krishnajammanni trauma care centre (PKTCC), Mysore, which was converted to a designated COVID hospital between April 2021 to July 2021. After obtaining the informed consent, RT-PCR report, vaccination certificate and patient history, patients were classified according to their vaccination status. Results from the study showed decreases in serum ferritin levels, clinical symptoms, improvement in oxygen saturation, early recovery in patients having diabetes and hypertension, and a substantial reduction in the overall duration of hospital stay in vaccinated patients compared to unvaccinated patients. Further, fully vaccinated patients showed better outcomes compared to single dose vaccinated and nonvaccinated patients. Taken together, our findings reaffirm the vaccine’s effectiveness in reducing case fatality and promoting faster recovery compared to nonvaccinated patients. Efforts to increase the number of immunized subjects in the community help to achieve herd immunity and offer protection against the severity of COVID-19 and associated complications while minimizing the public health and economic burden.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Assessment of Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients

et al. 2022

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“…14 In addition, we had the daily new death lagged for 7 days since there was suggested an interim between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the related death, which was estimated and averaged as 8 days. 15 , 16 The average incidence was calculated by the average daily new cases and population size. The average CFR was calculated by the average daily new death and new cases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in incidence and fatality of COVID‐19 by SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant versus Delta variant in relation to vaccine coverage: A world‐wide review

Wang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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We aim to evaluate the evolution differences in the incidence and case fatality rate (CFR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Delta and Omicron variants. The average incidence and CFRs were described between different countries. A gamma generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to compare the CFRs of Delta and Omicron variants based on vaccination coverage. Totally, 50 countries were included for analyses. The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) ranged from 0.16/100,000 to 82.95/100,000 during the Delta period and 0.03/100,000 to 440.88/100,000 during the Omicron period. The median CFRs were 8.56 (interquartile range [IQR]: 4.76–18.39) during the Delta period and 3.04 (IQR: 1.87–7.48) during the Omicron period, respectively. A total of 47 out of 50 countries showed decreased CFRs of the Omicron variant with the rate ratio ranging from 0.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01–0.03) (in Cambodia) to 0.97 (95% CI: 0.87–1.08) (in Ireland). Gamma GLMM analysis showed that the decreased CFR was largely a result of the decreased pathogenicity of Omicron besides the increased vaccination coverage. The Omicron variant shows a higher incidence but a lower CFR around the world as a whole, which is mainly a result of the decreased pathogenicity by SARS‐CoV‐2's mutation, while the vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2 still acts as a valuable measure in preventing people from death.

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“…A total of 14 studies were included to analyze the effect of age. We found no statistical difference in the age of the two groups (SMD = 0.085, 95% CI = À0.073-0.189, p = 0.388, 12 Case-control study 346 1100 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 7☆ Wi 18 Case-control study 142 20 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 6☆ Tenforde 13 Case-control study 314 1669 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 7☆ Hsu 19 Case-control study 85 85 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 7☆ Blanquart 20 Case-control study 724 5459 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 7☆ Bollineni 21 Case-control study 14 56 ☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 6☆ Marincu 22 Case-control study 62 62 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 7☆ Wolff 23 Case-control study 260 507 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Kalligeros 24 Case-control study 91 824 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Fragoulis 25 Cohort study 101 60 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Trunfio 26 Cohort study 55 110 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 7☆ Safdar 27 Cohort study 45 65 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Bouton 28 Cohort study 96 329 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 7☆ Bosch 29 Case-control study 126 839 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 7☆ Christensen 30 Case-control study 3346 13,619 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Yu 31 Case-control study 23 50 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Bayhan 32 Case-control study 38 190 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Kustin 33 Case-control study 396 396 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 6☆ Toda 34 Case-control study 11 15 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Tian 4 Case-control study 88 41 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Sayed 35 Case-control study 50 70 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Lee 36 Case-control study 174 587 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Luo 37 Case-control study 484 1782 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 7☆ Puhach 38 Case-control study 139 245 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 6☆ Whittaker 39 Case-control study 716 2487 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Sanghavi 40 Case-control study 149 478 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Butt (1) 41 Case-control study 250 250 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Butt (2) 42 Case-control study 456 456 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 8☆ Spiera 43 Case-control study 88 2317 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆☆ 7☆ Baltas 44 Case-control study 119 476 ☆☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 7☆ John 45 Case-control study 254 508 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 6☆ Jacobson 46 Case-control study 189 471 ☆☆ ☆☆ ☆☆ 6☆ Estofolete …”

Section: Ageunclassified

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of vaccinated COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Tian

Ren

Han

et al. 2022

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Objective: With the global epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), vaccination rates are increasing globally. This study evaluated the relevant clinical manifestations of vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Methods: We searched carefully in 11 databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wan Fang Data, Sinomed, VIP Database, and Reading Showing Database up to 26 March 2022. To search for articles that have described the characteristics of vaccinated patients including epidemiological and clinical symptoms. Statistical analysis of the extracted data using STATA 14.0. Results: A total of 58 articles and 263,708 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included. Most of the patients in the vaccinated group had more asymptomatic infection and fewer severe illnesses. There were significant differences in ethnicity, and strain infected with COVID-19, and comorbidities (hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, kidney disease, immunocompromised, cardiovascular disease, and tumor) and symptoms (fever, cough, gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological symptoms, and dysgeusia/anosmia) between vaccinated group and unvaccinated group. Oxygen support, use of steroid, days in hospital, hospital treatment, ICU treatment, death, and poor prognosis were also significantly different. Conclusion: Compared with the vaccinated group, patients in the unvaccinated group had a more severe clinical manifestations. Vaccines are also protective for infected people.

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Length of hospital stay and risk of intensive care admission and in-hospital death among COVID-19 patients in Norway: a register-based cohort study comparing patients fully vaccinated with an mRNA vaccine to unvaccinated patients

Cited by 45 publications

References 22 publications

Assessment of Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients

Assessment of Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients

Differences in incidence and fatality of COVID‐19 by SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant versus Delta variant in relation to vaccine coverage: A world‐wide review

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of vaccinated COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review

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