Leptomonas pyrrhocoris: Genomic insight into Parasite's Physiology

Butenko, Anzhelika; Vieira, Tamara da Silva; Frolov, Andrei N.; Opperdoes, Frederik; Soares, Rodrigo Pedro; Kostygov, Alexei Y.; Lukeš, Julius; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav

doi:10.2174/1389202918666170815143331

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…We have also analyzed the repertoire of side chain galactosyltransferases (SCGs) and side chain arabinosyltransferases (SCAs), performing chemical modifications of the GPI-anchored lipophosphoglycan (LPG) on the cell surface of the Leishmaniinae [77, 86, 87], with the potential effect on host-parasite interactions [88–90]. The genome of L .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative genomics of Leishmania (Mundinia)

et al. 2019

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Background Trypanosomatids of the genus Leishmania are parasites of mammals or reptiles transmitted by bloodsucking dipterans. Many species of these flagellates cause important human diseases with clinical symptoms ranging from skin sores to life-threatening damage of visceral organs. The genus Leishmania contains four subgenera: Leishmania, Sauroleishmania, Viannia, and Mundinia. The last subgenus has been established recently and remains understudied, although Mundinia contains human-infecting species. In addition, it is interesting from the evolutionary viewpoint, representing the earliest branch within the genus and possibly with a different type of vector. Here we analyzed the genomes of L. (M.) martiniquensis, L. (M.) enriettii and L. (M.) macropodum to better understand the biology and evolution of these parasites. Results All three genomes analyzed were approximately of the same size (~ 30 Mb) and similar to that of L. (Sauroleishmania) tarentolae, but smaller than those of the members of subgenera Leishmania and Viannia, or the genus Endotrypanum (~ 32 Mb). This difference was explained by domination of gene losses over gains and contractions over expansions at the Mundinia node, although only a few of these genes could be identified. The analysis predicts significant changes in the Mundinia cell surface architecture, with the most important ones relating to losses of LPG-modifying side chain galactosyltransferases and arabinosyltransferases, as well as β-amastins. Among other important changes were gene family contractions for the oxygen-sensing adenylate cyclases and FYVE zinc finger-containing proteins. Conclusions We suggest that adaptation of Mundinia to different vectors and hosts has led to alternative host-parasite relationships and, thereby, made some proteins redundant. Thus, the evolution of genomes in the genus Leishmania and, in particular, in the subgenus Mundinia was mainly shaped by host (or vector) switches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identification of the side chain galactosyltransferases (SCGs) was performed as described previously [77]. Proteins with p -distances to SCGs of L. major exceeding 0.8 were excluded from further analysis (Additional file 18: Table S3 and Additional file 19: Table S4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics of Leishmania (Mundinia)

et al. 2019

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“…papi in МТs ( Fig 2 ), but all contained epimastigotes of this species in the M3 segment of the midgut along with prokaryotic microflora ( Fig 3A ). Most insects also contained promastigotes of Leptomonas pyrrhocoris , which exclusively inhabits lumen of the insect’s gut [ 39 ]. Given that B .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obligate development of Blastocrithidia papi (Trypanosomatidae) in the Malpighian tubules of Pyrrhocoris apterus (Hemiptera) and coordination of host-parasite life cycles

Frolov¹,

Malysheva²,

Ganyukova³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Blastocrithidia papi is a unique trypanosomatid in that its life cycle is synchronized with that of its host, and includes an obligate stage of development in Malpighian tubules (MTs). This occurs in firebugs, which exited the winter diapause. In the short period, preceding the mating of overwintered insects, the flagellates penetrate MTs of the host, multiply attached to the epithelial surface with their flagella, and start forming cyst-like amastigotes (CLAs) in large agglomerates. By the moment of oviposition, a large number of CLAs are already available in the rectum. They are discharged on the eggs' surface with feces, used for transmission of bugs' symbiotic bacteria, which are compulsorily engulfed by the newly hatched nymphs along with the CLAs. The obligate development of B. papi in MTs is definitely linked to the life cycle synchronization. The absence of peristalsis allow the trypanosomatids to accumulate and form dense CLA-forming subpopulations, whereas the lack of peritrophic structures facilitates the extensive discharge of CLAs directly into the hindgut lumen. The massive release of CLAs associated with oviposition is indispensable for maximization of the infection efficiency at the most favorable time point.

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“…[18,19]. Of note, this model of organization is also conserved in monoxenous (=one host [20,21]) relatives of Leishmania of the subfamily Leishmaniinae [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Frequent Recombination Events in Leishmania donovani: Mining Population Data

et al. 2020

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The Leishmania donovani species complex consists of all L. donovani and L. infantum strains mainly responsible for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). It was suggested that genome rearrangements in Leishmania spp. occur very often, thus enabling parasites to adapt to the different environmental conditions. Some of these rearrangements may be directly linked to the virulence or explain the reduced efficacy of antimonial drugs in some isolates. In the current study, we focused on a large-scale analysis of putative gene conversion events using publicly available datasets. Previous population study of L. donovani suggested that population variability of L. donovani is relatively low, however the authors used masking procedures and strict read selection criteria. We decided to re-analyze DNA-seq data without masking sequences, because we were interested in the most dynamic fraction of the genome. The majority of samples have an excess of putative gene conversion/recombination events in the noncoding regions, however we found an overall excess of putative intrachromosomal gene conversion/recombination in the protein coding genes, compared to putative interchromosomal gene conversion/recombination events.

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Leptomonas pyrrhocoris: Genomic insight into Parasite's Physiology

Cited by 10 publications

References 53 publications

Comparative genomics of Leishmania (Mundinia)

Comparative genomics of Leishmania (Mundinia)

Obligate development of Blastocrithidia papi (Trypanosomatidae) in the Malpighian tubules of Pyrrhocoris apterus (Hemiptera) and coordination of host-parasite life cycles

Frequent Recombination Events in Leishmania donovani: Mining Population Data

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