Leu72Met408 Polymorphism of the Ghrelin Gene Is Associated With Early Phase of Gastric Emptying in the Patients With Functional Dyspepsia in Japan

Abstract

Background/Aims There are no available data about the relationship between ghrelin gene genotypes and early phase of gastric emptying in functional dyspepsia (FD) as defined by Rome III classification. Methods We enrolled 74 patients presenting with typical symptoms of FD and 64 healthy volunteers. Gastric motility was evaluated using the 13 C-acetate breath test. We used Rome III criteria to evaluate upper abdominal symptoms and self-rating questionnaires for depression (SRQ-D) scores to determine status of depression. The Arg51Gln (346G>A), preproghrelin (3056T>C), Leu72Met (408C>A), Gln90Leu (3412T>A) and G-protein β3 (825C>T) polymorphisms were analyzed in the DNA from blood samples of enrolled subjects. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Results There was a significant relationship between the Gln90Leu3412 genotype and SRQ-D score in FD patients ( P = 0.009). Area under the curve at 15 minutes (AUC 15 ) value was significantly associated with the Leu72Met408 genotype ( P = 0.015) but not with entire gastric emptying. Conclusions The Leu72Met (408C>A) single nucleotide polymorphism was significantly associated with early phase of gastric emptying in FD patients. Further studies will be necessary to clarify the association between ghrelin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and early phase of gastric emptying in FD patients.

Acylated ghrelin levels were associated with depressive status, physical quality of life, endoscopic findings based on Kyoto classification in Japan

“…In previous our data, Leu 72 Met 408 polymorphism of the ghrelin gene was not associated with gastric emptying in the patients with FD. (34) In our study, there was no significant association between gastric motility and acylated ghrelin levels in FD patients. Considering that gastric motility is affected by various gut hormones such as motilin, gherelin, cholecystokinin, glucagonlike peptide (GLP) 1 and peptide YY, (35) further studies will be needed to measure other gut hormones such as GLP-1.…”

“…These early gastric emptying has been reported to be very critical issues for pathophysiology in FD patients. (34,36) Therefore, in this study, we tried to determine whether there was a significant relationship between early phase of gastric emptying and acylated ghrelin levels in FD patients. Considering there was a relative associations between early gastric emptying and acylated ghrelin levels, high levels of acylated ghrelin may partly play important roles in the disturbance of early gastric emptying such as AUC 5 and AUC 15 values.…”

Camostat Mesilate, Pancrelipase, and Rabeprazole Combination Therapy Improves Epigastric Pain in Early Chronic Pancreatitis and Functional Dyspepsia with Pancreatic Enzyme Abnormalities

“…Gastric emptying has been shown to be accelerated in patients with pancreatic insufficiency [39][40][41] and delayed in those without insufficiency [41]. Since Kusano et al [42] and our own previous studies [34,35] have shown that the impairment of the early phase of gastric emptying was associated with FD patients, we compared the early phase of gastric emptying among 3 groups. Interestingly, our study shows that the early phase of gastric emptying in the ECP patients was significantly disturbed compared to that in the FD patients.…”

“…(Cumulative % dose) = m × (1 -e -kt ) β AUC 5 We determined the AUC at 5 min (AUC 5 ) and AUC 15 values as markers of the early phase of gastric emptying based on previous studies [34,35]. AUC 5 values of > 17.4 and AUC 15 values of > 39.6, representing the mean AUC value of healthy volunteers plus 2SD, were defined to represent disturbances in the early phase of gastric emptying.…”

Association of Ghrelin Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Ghrelin Levels with the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Liver Diseases in a Chinese Population

“…There are at least 263 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GHRL, reported in the dbSNP database ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp/ ). Four SNPs of the GHRL gene (rs26311, rs27647, rs696217, and rs34911341) have been extensively studied [ 22 , 23 ]. GHRL SNPs rs26311 and rs27647 are the two common coding SNPs in the promoter region.…”