Levels of Analysis in International Relations and Regional Security Complex Theory

Soltani, Fakhreddin; Naji, Saeid; Amiri, Reza Ekhtiari

doi:10.5296/jpag.v4i4.6973

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…We see the next step as possible as well: a complex of interests of states comprising an RSC may 'penetrate' not into a neighbouring country but into its region. Although this shaping of the problem has not yet been formalised theoretically, it is visible in academic discussion [12][13][14]. If the thesis about a hierarchy of regions has long been framed within international relations theories, the issue of an RSC hierarchy is much more complicated.…”

Section: Theoretical Framework Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Republic of Belarus and the Kaliningrad region of Russia as a sub-regional security complex

Zverev

Mezhevich

2022

Balt. Reg.

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The formal indivisibility of security, which theorists in the field of international relations speak of, is an indisputable thing. Although the development of military technology, the format of globalization, a critical attitude towards classical geopolitics have led to an underestimation of the spatial factor, regionalisation has once again proved that it is an integral part of globalisation and its alter ego. At the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century, political developments in Europe are closely connected with military security. Although this interdependence is not new, the regional security system has been relatively stable for quite some time. The steadily, albeit gradually aggravating situation around the Kaliningrad region and the Republic of Belarus has caused a response — coordinated cooperation in the framework of the Union State. The consequence of which was the formation of a sub-regional security complex (SRSC), which includes the Republic of Belarus and Russia’s Kaliningrad region. And a theoretical justification for the formation of this complex is the focus of this article. The authors determine the floating boundaries of the SRSC, where spatial effects of military-political ties take on a special character. This study aims to apply and adapt the concept of regional security complexes to the military-political space of the eastern part of the Baltic Sea. The practical implications of this research include substantiating the interconnectedness and interdependence of security doctrines and practices in a troubled region of Europe.

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Section: Theoretical Framework Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Republic of Belarus and the Kaliningrad region of Russia as a sub-regional security complex

Zverev

Mezhevich

2022

Balt. Reg.

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“…Hubungan antara bagian itu memiliki sifat yakni kedaulatan exclusive (tertutup) dan kedaulatan yang bersifat transfer (terbuka) (Yeli, n.d.) Gambar 1 Prinsip Teori Kedaulatan Bagian pertama dalam pendekatan konsep kedaulatan dalam gambar x adalah core, bagian ini berfokus pada prinsip negara mengenai keamanan siber. Selanjutnya adalah application, yang berfokus pada interaksi antar aktor (individu, kelompok individu, negara, kelompok negara, sistem internasional) (Soltani, F., Naji, S., & Amiri, 2015). Bagian ketiga adalah infrastructure, yang menjadi alat atau teknologi dalam menjalankan keamanan siber.…”

Section: Kerangka Teoriunclassified

Strategi Keamanan Siber Korea Selatan

Diara¹

2020

jiss

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Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi semakin pesat dari waktu ke waktu. Kebutuhan akan dunia siber juga telah menjadi kebutuhan pokok pada kehidupan sehari-hari tanpa terkecuali pada pemerintahan dan negara. Oleh karena itu penting untuk suatu negara membuat regulasi dan membangun keamanan yang kuat pada sibernya agar warga negaranya juga merasa aman dan nyaman untuk berada di dunia siber. Salah satu negara yang warga negaranya memiliki ketergantungan dalam dunia siber yang cukup tinggi adalah Korea Selatan. Oleh karena itu Korea Selatan telah menjadikan keamanan siber sebagai isu prioritas negara. Pada Korea Selatan, strategi keamanan sibernya diatur dalam South Korea’s Cyber Security Strategy (KSCSS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisa strategi keamanan siber Korea Selatan agar dapat diketahui tingkat keamanan dan peran tiap aspek strategi keamanan siber pada Korea Selatan selain itu juga bertujuan agar dapat dijadikan referensi oleh suatu negara untuk membangun maupun memperkuat strategi keamanan siber negaranya sehingga mencegah penyalahgunaan informasi maupun data tiap warga negara maupun data penting negara yang ada di dunia siber. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menganalisa penerapan konsep teori kedaulatan beserta aspek-aspeknya dan metode kuantitatif dengan memberikan hasil analisa data pola strategi dan realasi data keamanan siber Korea Selatan menggunakan aplikasi MAXQDA, dan GEPHI .

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“…This paper will focus its analysis of North Korean foreign policy on Waltz's (1959) "three images," the first image being the individual level, the second image the unit level and the third image the system level. The international level, or system level, is often considered as the most prominent level of analysis in international relations (Soltani, et al 2014;Hafner-Burton, Kahler and Montgomery 2009;Singer 1961). The benefit of analyzing foreign policy on the structural level, according to Singer (1961, 80) is that "it is the most comprehensive of the levels available, encompassing the totality of interactions which take place within the system and its environment."…”

Section: Levels Of Analysis Through a Realist Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

North Korea’s 2018 Foreign Policy U-turn: Using Levels of Analysis to Understand Kim Jong-un’s Rationale

Millard¹

2020

kjis

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In March, 2018, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's (DPRK) unexpectedly announced that it would re-start negotiations with the United States (US) with regards to nuclear weapons development, signaling an unexpected, but significant, U-turn in its foreign policy. Whilst many academics have put this down to the effect of increased sanctions on the DPRK, I argue that leadership changes in both the US and Republic of Korea (RoK) were the main factor, since these leadership changes brought about foreign policy changes in their respective states. Changes at the system and unit level do not appear to be significant to the DPRK's foreign policy on their own, whereas shifts at the individual level have been more drastic than usual. This allowed the DPRK's leadership to take advantage of the situation, at a point when the US and RoK had domestic disunity. As such, in this paper I analyze the main events at the three major levels; system, unit, and individual levels, using the IR theory of classical realism to support the thesis.

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Levels of Analysis in International Relations and Regional Security Complex Theory

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

The Republic of Belarus and the Kaliningrad region of Russia as a sub-regional security complex

The Republic of Belarus and the Kaliningrad region of Russia as a sub-regional security complex

Strategi Keamanan Siber Korea Selatan

North Korea’s 2018 Foreign Policy U-turn: Using Levels of Analysis to Understand Kim Jong-un’s Rationale

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