Levels of Metals and Organochlorine Pesticides in Kidney, Liver, and Muscle Tissues of Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) from Hatay Province, Eastern Mediterranean Region, Turkey

Probabilistic Assessment of the Intake of Trace Elements by Consumption of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) and Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Meat

“…In another deer species, fallow deer, Cawthorn et al [29] found Cu levels that ranged between 1.94 and 2.01 mg/kg. In contrast, recent investigations examining Cu content in wild boar meat have reported lower values (<2 mg/kg) [26,32,33,39] compared to those observed in this study.…”

“…It is worth mentioning that limited data regarding Cr content in red deer meat were available, with only Ertl et al [25] reporting a lower concentration of 0.005 mg/kg, and Cawthorn et al [29] found that Cr levels in fallow deer ranged between 0.058 and 0.071 mg/kg. On the other hand, Cr content found in wild boar meat was similar to those reported in previous studies (0.12-0.14 mg/kg) [30][31][32][33]. Notably, the Cr concentrations in game meat were significantly higher than those observed in other meats sourced from slaughtered animals, such as beef (0.004 mg/kg) and pork (0.004-0.017 mg/kg) [34].…”

“…On the other hand, wild boar displayed varying Fe content levels, with some higher and lower values compared to those obtained in this study. Pilarczyk et al [27] and Tekeli et al [32] reported concentrations of 36.4 and 41.9 mg/kg, respectively, while Babicz and Kasprzyk [44] and Kalinina et al [26] indicated Fe concentrations exceeding 80 mg/kg.…”

Tissue distribution and correlations of heavy metals in wild birds from Southern Turkey: an ecologically important region on the west Palearctic migration route

“…Furthermore, of all the metals measured in the study, Fe has the highest accumulation in tissues. A study conducted on wild boars, which are regarded terrestrial biomonitoring animals, in the same region as the current study, liver Fe levels (353.4 mg kg − 1 ) were found to be similar to the current study (315.73 mg kg − 1 ), but kidney and muscle tissue levels were found to be lower (Tekeli et al 2021). The liver Fe level of Sparatus Aurata (357.22 mg kg − 1 ) was found to be similar to the current study in another study conducted in the same region to detect marine pollution (Iskenderun bay), whereas muscle tissue levels were found to be lower (Dural et al 2011).…”

“…The accumulation of metals is higher in some tissues and organs called 'target tissue/organ' due to high a nity (Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb in feather, nail, horn, hoof), biotransformation (Cd in the liver) and excretion (Cd in the kidney) (Mukhtar et al, 2020;Tekeli et al, 2021). Hence feathers (Zolfaghari et al, 2007 Due to their high trophic level as well as environmental exposure (food, air, etc.…”