Life Cycle Thinking used for assessing the environmental impacts of tourism activity for a Greek tourism destination

Michailidou, Alexandra V.; Vlachokostas, Christos; Moussiopoulos, Ν.; Maleka, Dimitra

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.099

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The energy demands of these consumption categories can be traced back to the industrial energy consumption from the production of related products or the provision of services. to the Wang method of calculating residents' indirect carbon emissions from consumption, adding environmental input-output lifecycle analysis and the consumer lifestyle method, thus giving the following equations for calculating the indirect carbon emissions of tourism [17]:…”

Section: Calculation Of Indirect Carbon Emissions From Other Forms Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2007, emissions from Chinese household equipment, such as furniture and household electrical appliances, accounted for 5% of overall indirect carbon emissions [16]. For the operational use of all hotels in Greece, HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) systems are the most energy-intensive agents of environmental burden, followed by kitchens and production of hot water [17]. These two omissions from the measurement of indirect carbon emissions may have led to the underestimation of carbon emissions by the tourism industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Household Survey Data as a Tool to Assess the Carbon Footprint of Rural Tourist Accommodation and Related Services in China: A Case Study of Mount Qingcheng

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The need to improve the accuracy of carbon emission measurements is a major issue which the tourism industry must resolve in order to reduce adverse impacts on climate change and the environment. This study established a detailed consumption list based on household survey data and calculated the carbon emissions of accommodation and services of the rural tourism industry of Mount Qingcheng using the input-output and lifecycle methods. Further, it analysed the key factors affecting carbon emissions. The results indicate that within the surveyed area, carbon emissions from accommodation and services amounted to 30.27 kg CO 2 /per person per day; these emissions were primarily from indirect sources, which accounted for 74.99% of the total emissions. Emissions from construction and production of durable goods accounted for 13.08% and 21.58% of the total emissions. The omission of these sources of carbon emissions was the primary reason for the carbon emission levels of the tourism industry being underestimated previously. For each additional 10,000 yuan in revenue, accommodation and related services of the rural tourism industry emit an additional 1412.08 kg of CO 2 . This is higher than the level of carbon emissions of the agriculture industry, but lower than those of the processing and manufacturing industries. Tourist consumption behaviours and types of tourism operations are important factors affecting carbon emissions. Effective emission reduction strategies include guiding tourist consumption behavioural changes, optimizing tourism operation portfolios, and extending the service life of constructions and durable goods.

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Section: Calculation Of Indirect Carbon Emissions From Other Forms Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Household Survey Data as a Tool to Assess the Carbon Footprint of Rural Tourist Accommodation and Related Services in China: A Case Study of Mount Qingcheng

et al. 2017

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“…LCA has been repeatedly recognised as one of the most advanced methods for environmental impact assessment; it has been broadly employed in the different contexts and recently introduced to tourism (Filimonau et al 2011a;Michailidou et al 2016;Schianetz et al 2007). The key advantage of LCA is in that it oversees a 'totality' of environmental impacts that arise at various stages of a product's life cycle, starting with extraction of raw materials and finishing with product disposal (Frischknecht and Rebitzer 2005).…”

Section: Carbon Footprint Appraisal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon footprint appraisal of local visitor travel in Brazil: A case of the Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo itinerary

Pereira

Ribeiro

Filimonau

2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Tourism transportation contributes substantially to the global carbon footprint. This contribution is predicted to enlarge, especially in 'emerging' tourism markets, and hence urgent carbon mitigation is necessary. Effective mitigation is determined by reliable carbon footprint assessments whose number is however limited, particularly for developing countries with growing tourism. This study applied the life cycle assessment (LCA) based method to appraise the carbon significance of various transport modes between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, the key itinerary for travel with leisure and tourism purposes by local residents and overseas visitors in Brazil. Given the envisaged rise in biofuel use in the Brazilian transportation sector, this study is unique in that it evaluated the carbon reduction potential offered by biofuel. The study demonstrated that overland public transport represents the most carbon-efficient mode of local transportation. It further highlighted the crucial role of biofuel in minimising the carbon intensity of transportation between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.Policy-making and managerial recommendations were put forward to facilitate more climatebenign local transportation practices.

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“…The most common functional units used in similar studies are one "guest night" (Filimonau et al 2011) , e.g. a night spent by one tourist in one ac- commodation building, and 1 week of a holiday including transport services to reach and leave the destination (Michailidou et al 2016).…”

Section: Tsc (mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be emphasized that hotels belong to the 1st level of suppliers of tourism products ( Fig. 1) and are one of the most important agents of a "static" environmental burden in the TSCM (Michailidou et al 2016). The lodging sector uses vast quantities of energy, water and products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green tourism supply chain management based on life cycle impact assessment

Michailidou

Valachokostas

Achillas

et al. 2016

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Tourism is one of the most dynamic and far-reaching economic sectors in the world. Numerous different and complex activities are involved in the efficient development of tourism. These activities interrelate economic, environmental, social, cultural and political dimensions in the overall supply chain. However, apart from its key role as a driver of socio-economic progress, tourism is responsible for environmental deterioration, not only in areas popular with tourists, but also by enhancing climate change globally. This paper presents a robust method based on the Green Tourism Supply Chain Management (GTSCM) concept, which can be used to estimate the effect on the environment that can be attributed to each link of the supply chain. The overall approach is based on Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) theory and corresponding models. A case study to demonstrate the applicability of this approach is presented for two large seaside hotels located in Chalkidiki, Greece. Chalkidiki is the most popular tourist destination in Northern Greece. A LCIA questionnaire was developed and input data for the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) obtained from the hotel managers. For this LCA SimaPro 8 software was used. The LCIA methods chosen were Eco-indicator 99 and CML 2001. The effect on fossil fuel consumption of both hotels due to their use of local transport and electricity was considerable but less than that needed for transporting the tourists by air to Chalkidiki. This paper clearly indicates that LCA and Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) can form the basis for promoting GTSCM in the tourism industry.

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Life Cycle Thinking used for assessing the environmental impacts of tourism activity for a Greek tourism destination

Cited by 65 publications

References 56 publications

Use of Household Survey Data as a Tool to Assess the Carbon Footprint of Rural Tourist Accommodation and Related Services in China: A Case Study of Mount Qingcheng

Use of Household Survey Data as a Tool to Assess the Carbon Footprint of Rural Tourist Accommodation and Related Services in China: A Case Study of Mount Qingcheng

The carbon footprint appraisal of local visitor travel in Brazil: A case of the Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo itinerary

Green tourism supply chain management based on life cycle impact assessment

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