Light Directs Zebrafish period2 Expression via Conserved D and E Boxes

Vatine, Gad D.; Vallone, Daniela; Appelbaum, Lior; Mracek, Philipp; Ben-Moshe, Zohar; Lahiri, Kajori; Gothilf, Yoav; Foulkes, Nicholas S.

doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000223

Cited by 127 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…2a,c). The expression of cry1a and per2 is strongly induced in surface fish, similar to previous reports in zebrafish 22,[34][35][36] . This acute light response is greatly reduced, though still statistically significant, in Pachón cavefish and does not occur in Chica cavefish.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Cry1a and per2 have been shown in teleosts to be important for light resetting of the circadian clock 22,33 . These genes are primarily regulated by light and are thus good markers of light sensitivity 22,[34][35][36] . Sequence analysis reveals a high degree of conservation between the three populations of Astyanax in all clock genes isolated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More interestingly, however, is the fact that per2 is present at significantly raised levels in cave strains compared with surface fish in DD. As per2 is a lightinduced clock repressor and is thought to be important for clock entrainment in fish systems 33,36 , this level of increased tonic expression could explain, at least in part, the reduced amplitude and altered phase of molecular clock rhythms in cave populations. We know that overexpression of per2 in zebrafish cell lines has a significant damping effect on per1 rhythms ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TEF1 is a transcriptional activator and belongs to the family of bZIP PAR domain containing DNA binding proteins, which recognize D-box regulatory sequences (TTAYGTAA or TTATACAA). Zebrafish TEF1 has been shown to bind directly to a D-box element in the per2 promoter and transcriptionally activate its expression in response to light 36,39 . We therefore cloned tef1 from surface and cave populations of Astyanax to determine whether it might contribute to the upregulation of per2 in cavefish.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circadian rhythms in Mexican blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus in the lab and in the field

et al. 2013

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Biological clocks have evolved as an adaptation to life on a rhythmic planet, synchronising physiological processes to the environmental light-dark cycle. Here we examine circadian clock function in Mexican blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus and its surface counterpart. In the lab, adult surface fish show robust circadian rhythms in per1, which are retained in cave populations, but with substantial alterations. These changes may be due to increased levels of light-inducible genes in cavefish, including clock repressor per2. From a molecular standpoint, cavefish appear as if they experience 'constant light' rather than perpetual darkness. Micos River samples show similar per1 oscillations to those in the lab. However, data from Chica Cave shows complete repression of clock function, while expression of several lightresponsive genes is raised, including DNA repair genes. We propose that altered expression of light-inducible genes provides a selective advantage to cavefish at the expense of a damped circadian oscillator.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circadian rhythms in Mexican blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus in the lab and in the field

et al. 2013

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“…the feedback loops that sustain the 24-h clock gene oscillations, is represented as the central circle in red, with some of the main elements inside. This molecular mechanism can be entrained by the light-darkness cycle via the light-evoked induction of cry1 and per2, which involves functional E-and D-boxes and the Tef transcription factor in zebrafish (Tamai et al 2007, Vatine et al 2009, 2011. We also propose alternative mechanisms whereby hormones such as cortisol and ghrelin can entrain the molecular clocks.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes

Isorna

Pedro

Valenciano

et al. 2017

Journal of Endocrinology

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The circadian system is responsible for the temporal organisation of physiological functions which, in part, involves daily cycles of hormonal activity. In this review, we analyse the interplay between the circadian and endocrine systems in fishes. We first describe the current model of fish circadian system organisation and the basis of the molecular clockwork that enables different tissues to act as internal pacemakers. This system consists of a net of central and peripherally located oscillators and can be synchronised by the light-darkness and feeding-fasting cycles. We then focus on two central neuroendocrine transducers (melatonin and orexin) and three peripheral hormones (leptin, ghrelin and cortisol), which are involved in the synchronisation of the circadian system in mammals and/or energy status signalling. We review the role of each of these as overt rhythms (i.e. outputs of the circadian system) and, for the first time, as key internal temporal messengers that act as inputs for other endogenous oscillators. Based on acute changes in clock gene expression, we describe the currently accepted model of endogenous oscillator entrainment by the light-darkness cycle and propose a new model for non-photic (endocrine) entrainment, highlighting the importance of the bidirectional cross-talking between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes. The flexibility of the fish circadian system combined with the absence of a master clock makes these vertebrates a very attractive model for studying communication among oscillators to drive functionally coordinated outputs.

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Distribution of glycinergic neurons in the brain of glycine transporter‐2 transgenic Tg(glyt2:Gfp) adult zebrafish: Relationship to brain–spinal descending systems

Barreiro‐Iglesias

Mysiak

Adrio

et al. 2012

J of Comparative Neurology

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We used a Tg(glyt2:gfp) transgenic zebrafish expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of the glycine transporter 2 (GLYT2) regulatory sequences to study for the first time the glycinergic neurons in the brain of an adult teleost. We also performed in situ hybridization using a GLYT2 probe and glycine immunohistochemistry. This study was combined with biocytin tract tracing from the spinal cord to reveal descending glycinergic pathways. A few groups of GFP(+) /GLYT2(-) cells were observed in the midbrain and forebrain, including numerous pinealocytes. Conversely, a small nucleus of the midbrain tegmentum was GLYT2(+) but GFP(-) . Most of the GFP(+) and GLYT2(+) neurons were observed in the rhombencephalon and spinal cord, and a portion of these cells showed double GLYT2/GFP labeling. In the hindbrain, GFP/GLYT2(+) populations were observed in the medial octavolateral nucleus; the secondary, magnocellular, and descending octaval nuclei; the viscerosensory lobes; and reticular populations distributed from trigeminal to vagal levels. No glycinergic cells were observed in the cerebellum. Tract tracing revealed three conspicuous pairs of GFP/GLYT2(+) reticular neurons projecting to the spinal cord. In the spinal cord, GFP/GLYT2(+) cells were observed in the dorsal and ventral horns. GFP(+) fibers were observed from the olfactory bulbs to the spinal cord, although their density varied among regions. The Mauthner neurons received very rich GFP(+) innervation, mainly around the axon cap. Comparison of the zebrafish glycinergic system with the glycinergic systems of other adult vertebrates reveals shared patterns but also divergent traits in the evolution of this system.

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Light Directs Zebrafish period2 Expression via Conserved D and E Boxes

Abstract: A highly conserved promoter module in a vertebrate clock gene confers light-regulated gene expression.

Cited by 127 publications

References 47 publications

Circadian rhythms in Mexican blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus in the lab and in the field

Circadian rhythms in Mexican blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus in the lab and in the field

Interplay between the endocrine and circadian systems in fishes

Distribution of glycinergic neurons in the brain of glycine transporter‐2 transgenic Tg(glyt2:Gfp) adult zebrafish: Relationship to brain–spinal descending systems

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