Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation (640 nm) Regulates Keratinocyte Migration and Cytoskeletal Reorganization Via Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α

Abstract

LED irradiation may increase keratinocyte migration via HIF-1α-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization.

Electric field down-regulates CD9 to promote keratinocytes migration through AMPK pathway

“…It has been indicated that AMPK pathway is involved in cell migration in many types of cancer cells [19,31], and previous study has confirmed that the inhibition of AMPK promotes the mobility of HaCaT cells [17]. Furthermore, hypoxic preconditioning also promotes the migration of keratinocytes through AMPK pathway [32,33]. In this study, we confirmed that endogenous EF reduced the CD9 expression in keratinocytes and inhibited AMPK pathway.…”

“Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome?

“…PBM, delivered as low-level laser, has been shown to have a dramatic effect on the cytoskeleton structure of nerve cells, with the rapid formation of transient varicosities, and consequent nerve blockade for pain relief. [45][46][47][48][49] PBM also affects the cytoskeleton of other cells besides neurons, such as epithelial cells, 50 keratinocytes, 51 and fibroblasts, 52 and has been shown to have effects on protein conformation, including calcium ion channels. [53][54][55] PBM also has an effect on brain oscillation patterns, with changes to alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and theta waves in both mice 56 and humans 57 (El Khoury, et al, unpublished observations) and effects on the default mode network.…”

The role of light emitting diode in wound healing: A systematic review of experimental studies

“…Huang et al reported increased migration with LED 640 nm at a dose of 12 J/cm 2 compared to the use of 24 J/cm 2 . 24 This same author performed a cell motility test and identified an increase in cell trajectory of 41.9% in applying 12 J/cm 2 and 18.3% with 24 J/cm 2 .…”

“…Huang et al 24 In vitro: Human keratinocyte cells (primary) 640 nm; 12 or 24 J/cm 2 ; 30 mW/ cm 2 ; 6.40 s; 1 day LED increases motility, migration, and HIF-1α protein with induction of F-actin reorganization.…”

“…These studies observed modulation in the expression of several proteins and genes, including an upregulation in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transformative growth factor-β (TGF-β), metalloproteinase-2 (MPP-2), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), heat shock protein-27 (HSP27), HSP60, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), chemokine-16 (CXCL16), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), leptin, interleukin-8 (IL-8), TGF-α, Dnmt3a, cytokeratin-10 (Krt-10), cytokeratin-17 (Krt-17), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. 16,19,20,23,24,29,[32][33][34][35]40 On the other hand, there was a decrease in tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 e 2 (TIMP-1/TIMP-2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) e cytokeratin-1 (Krt-1). 19,33,43 As for the studies using blue LEDs, a modulation in the overexpression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP-1, TIMP-2), dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV), neuregulin1-b1 (NRG1-b1), placental growth factor, HGF e KGF, 19,23,32 and protein reduction MMP-2 e MMP-9.…”