The
continued growth in the demand of data storage and processing
has spurred the development of high-performance storage technologies
and brain-inspired neuromorphic hardware. Semiconductor quantum dots
(QDs) offer an appealing option for these applications since they
combine excellent electronic/optical properties and structural stability
and can address the requirements of low-cost, large-area, and solution-based
manufactured technologies. Here, we focus on the development of nonvolatile
memories and neuromorphic computing systems based on QD thin-film
solids. We introduce recent advances of QDs and highlight their unique
electrical and optical features for designing future electronic devices.
We also discuss the advantageous traits of QDs for novel and optimized
memory techniques in both conventional flash memories and emerging
memristors. Then, we review recent advances in QD-based neuromorphic
devices from artificial synapses to light-sensory synaptic platforms.
Finally, we highlight major challenges for commercial translation
and consider future directions for the postsilicon era.