Light suppression of nocturnal pineal and plasma melatonin in rats depends on wavelength and time of day

Honma, Sato; Kanematsu, Nobue; Katsuno, Yumiko; Honma, Ken‐ichi

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(92)90595-x

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Red light has been used successfully to inhibit nocturnal NAT activity and melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland and the present study confirms that light with a wavelength 600 nm or higher strongly inhibits nighttime melatonin formation in both retinally normal and retinally degenerate animals (Honma et al, 1992;Sun et al, 1993). Although the threshold intensity of red light at which nocturnal melatonin synthesis is blocked is high (approximately 100 pW/cm2) compared to that of white (threshold of less than 0.0005 pW/cm2) (Webb et al, 1985;Reiter, 1994), it is evident that the higher intensities of red light used in this study (690 and 1200 pW/cm2) are equally efficient as white light (780 pW/cm2) in suppressing rat pineal NAT activity and melatonin levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Red‐light‐induced suppression of melatonin synthesis is mediated by N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor activation in retinally normal and retinally degenerate rats

et al. 1995

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Pineal gland N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and pineal and serum levels of melatonin declined linearly in albino rats acutely exposed to different intensities of red light (600 nm or higher; low, 140 microW/cm2; moderate, 690 microW/cm2; high, 1200 microW/cm2) during the middle of the night. The high intensity red light was as effective as white light (780 microW/cm2) in suppressing NAT activity and pineal and circulating melatonin. Red-light-inhibited nighttime NAT activity and suppressed nocturnal melatonin levels in both retinally degenerate and normal rats. Pretreatment with the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801 (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) completely prevented the red-light-induced inhibition of nighttime melatonin synthesis. Magnesium chloride (300 mg/kg intraperitoneally) reduced the inhibitory effects of low and moderate intensities of red light but was ineffective when high red-light intensity was used. However, both agents failed to antagonize the suppression of nighttime melatonin synthesis elicted by the exposure to white light. Since retinally degenerate and retinally normal animals respond in the same way to both red-light and pharmacological intervention with the NMDA receptor blocker MK-801, the findings indicate that the activation of central hypothalamic NMDA receptors might mediate the photic inhibition of nocturnal melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland elicited by the exposure to red light at night. Red-light-induced suppression of nocturnal melatonin synthesis possibly can be used to investigate the biochemical mechanisms by which light entrains melatonin synthesis and to study the pharmacological and physiological effects of endogenous and synthetic agents that antagonize the NMDA receptor response.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, it was demonstrated conclusively that red light markedly influences the diurnal rhythm of melatonin production in the pineal gland and at higher intensities it is as effective as white light in this regard (Honma et al, 1992;Sun et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Red‐light‐induced suppression of melatonin synthesis is mediated by N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor activation in retinally normal and retinally degenerate rats

et al. 1995

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“…Several parameters are important for photo-inhibition of pineal N-acetyltransferase and melatonin synthesis: intensity, duration and wavelength of the light pulse, as well as time of the day [26, 27, 28, 29, 30]. The neuronal network responsible for nocturnal photo-inhibition of the pineal metabolism is complex; it includes the suprachiasmatic nucleus [31], the thalamic intergeniculate leaflet [5], direct central projections to the pineal gland [4]and the basal retrochiasmatic area [2, 3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesions of the Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Do Not Influence the Daily Profile of Pineal Metabolism in Rats

et al. 2001

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The present study attempted to characterize the effects of electrolytic lesions of the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus on the daily profile of pineal metabolism as well as on the inhibition of pineal melatonin synthesis induced by acute light exposure during the night. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 107, 12:12 h light-dark cycle) were left intact (n = 47) or lesioned (n = 60). Lesioned rats and their respective controls were killed at six time points distributed throughout the light-dark cycle. At ZT (zeitgeber time) 18 the animals were killed either in the dark or after 15 min of light stimulation. Pineal glands were assayed using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED). There was no difference in the amounts of pineal indoles between lesioned and control rats under any of the experimental situations tested. These results suggest that in rats, the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus does not participate in either the neural control of daily pineal metabolism or the nocturnal light-induced inhibition of the pineal metabolism.

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“…High irradiance (HI) as well as UV exposure are important with regard to photocatalytic processes in animals (5), influencing the function of the biological clock. Exposure to constant bright light can suppress or even disrupt the circadian function in animals (6–8), and the entrainment of the clock seems to depend on the modulation of the cellular redox state (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Photoperiod and Light Irradiance on the Antioxidant Circadian System of Two Species of Crayfish from Different Latitudes: Procambarus clarkii and P. digueti¶

Fanjul‐Moles¹,

Durán-Lizarraga²,

Gonsebatt³

et al. 2007

Photochemistry and Photobiology

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This work was carried out to study the antioxidant circadian system of two species of crayfish of different latitude origin. We investigated (1) whether both species possess glutathione circadian rhythms and (2) whether both species' rhythms differ in their ability to synchronize to 24 h cycles. Two batches of Procambarus clarkii and P. digueti were kept in (1) light–dark (LD) 12:12 low irradiance (LI) cycles and then exposed to (2) 72 h of complete darkness, (3) LD 12:12 high irradiance (HI), (4) LD 20:4 LI and (5) LD 20:4 HI for 2 weeks. The midgut and hemolymph were sampled and reduced and oxidized glutathione as well as glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase were assayed. Cosinor and analysis of variance revealed differences between both species. Procambarus clarkii robust antioxidant circadian rhythms are able to entrain to all conditions resetting to lights on or off. However, the P. digueti weak circadian glutathione system did not entrain to the LD cycles, showing a random distribution of phases. In this species, LD 12:12 and 20:4 HI evidenced significant daily rhythms indicating a damped circadian antioxidative system that is enhanced by the effect of light. This suggests that each species' photoperiodic history determines the adaptive abilities of the circadian antioxidative mechanisms.

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Light suppression of nocturnal pineal and plasma melatonin in rats depends on wavelength and time of day

Cited by 35 publications

References 15 publications

Red‐light‐induced suppression of melatonin synthesis is mediated by N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor activation in retinally normal and retinally degenerate rats

Red‐light‐induced suppression of melatonin synthesis is mediated by N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor activation in retinally normal and retinally degenerate rats

Lesions of the Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Do Not Influence the Daily Profile of Pineal Metabolism in Rats

The Effect of Photoperiod and Light Irradiance on the Antioxidant Circadian System of Two Species of Crayfish from Different Latitudes: Procambarus clarkii and P. digueti¶

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