Lignin induced iron reduction by novel sp., Tolumonas lignolytic BRL6-1

Intestinal iron bio-accessibility changes by Lignin and the subsequent impact on cell metabolism and intestinal microbiome communities

“…45 However, recent reports suggest that lignin can be metabolised by specific bacterial strains, 46 for example, Lignolytica BRL6-1 (isolated from soil and able to metabolise lignin and its associated iron in growth studies). 47 In summary, lignin demonstrates a strong iron-chelating ability which restricts intracellular iron acquisition. The lignin-iron complex itself is non-absorbable, and chelation within the murine gastrointestinal tract inhibited absorption with the bound iron lost in the faeces.…”

“… 45 However, recent reports suggest that lignin can be metabolised by specific bacterial strains, 46 for example, Lignolytica BRL6-1 (isolated from soil and able to metabolise lignin and its associated iron in growth studies). 47 …”

Lignin deconstruction by anaerobic fungi

“…Furthermore, the only measurable activity against lignin-mimicking model compounds we observed occurred in the small-molecule fraction of fungal supernatants, possibly implicating non-protein mediators in lignin deconstruction (Supplementary Text). Currently, only tentative hypotheses exist to explain how anaerobic microbes might be able to generate lignin-degrading radicals in the absence of oxygen [14][15][16][17][18][19] , and testing these hypotheses in Neocallimastigomycetes cultures and with heterologously expressed Neocallimastigomycetes proteins will be essential for unravelling the biochemical mechanism of anaerobic lignin deconstruction.…”

“…At a minimum, herbivore gut communities, and other microbes decomposing lignocellulose anaerobically, must displace lignin from plant cell walls to access cellulose and hemicelluloses, the primary carbon sources for microbiome and animal metabolism. Some previous studies have collected indirect evidence of lignin modification by anaerobic bacteria, but these studies are unable to establish the natural occurrence of anaerobic lignin deconstruction because they interrogate changes to Kraft lignin, a lignin-derived extract that has already been modified from naturally occurring lignins [14][15][16][17][18][19] . Insights into whether and, if so, how anaerobic microbes remove native lignins to acquire carbohydrates will inform geochemical models by helping to define carbon remineralization processes in diverse environments in which lignocellulose is anaerobically deconstructed 13 .…”

Mystifications and misconceptions of lignin: revisiting understandings

“…A constantly reproduced but highly questionable statement is the lignin's attribution as the "second most abundant organic/biopolymer (and similar) in the world". [131][132][133][134][135] Most scientific references indicate that the total lignin in the biosphere is estimated at 3 × 10 11 tonnes with a growth rate of 2 × 10 10 tonnes per year. [136][137][138][139][140] Strangely enough, no update could be found since 1987.…”