The relevance of the study is conditioned by the peculiarities of martial law and its impact on the implementation of the rights of individuals and legal entities. The issue of giving each person the opportunity to use their powers to protect their benefits, which is guaranteed by the state, in the conditions of martial law, has become of great importance. The paper is aimed at defining and disclosing the concept of “protection of civil rights” and the possibility of its implementation under martial law. The leading methods of research are dialectical and systematic, which allow considering the legal nature of the category “protection”. A systematic approach helped determine the most effective legal ways to protect rights under martial law. The study defines the concept of “protection of civil rights under martial law”, reveals the specifics of the implementation of the right to protect one's rights, considering the peculiarities and restrictions of wartime, examines the most effective ways to protect civil rights and the possibility of their application under martial law, describes the jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional forms of civil rights protection. The theoretical value of the study is to define the concept of “the right to protection of civil rights”, considering the specifics and restrictions caused by martial law, which can become the basis for further scientific research of related issues. The practical value of the study is the disclosure of the specifics of the implementation of the right to protection in the territories where military operations are conducted, and to determine effective forms and methods of protecting civil rights under martial law.