Limnological Quality: Seasonality Assessment and Potential for Contamination of the Pindaré River Watershed, Pre-Amazon Region, Brazil

Muniz, Jamilly N.; Duarte, Klinger Garcez; Braga, Fábio Henrique Ramos; Lima, Neuriane Silva; Silva, Darlan F.; Firmo, Wellyson Cunha Araújo; Batista, Márcia R. V.; Silva, Flor M. A. M.; Miranda, Rita de Cássia Mendonça de; Silva, Maria Raimunda C.

doi:10.3390/w12030851

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Except for color, turbidity, and pH, the mean range of EC, temperature, and TDS fell within the WHO guidelines in the dry and rainy months along the Mara River and its tributaries. Similar findings were reported by Fawaz et al (2013) and Muniz et al (2020), who concluded that it was probably attributed to higher ion dilution in water.…”

Section: Physicochemical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Risk assessment of heavy metals in water and sediments in the Mara river and its tributaries

Nkinda

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The present study assessed the levels of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb in water and sediments from the Mara River and its tributaries in Tanzania. The Mara River has recently been exposed to anthropogenic activities including, mining, industrial, and farming activities, which are potential sources of heavy metals pollution. These emerging anthropogenic activities with a destructive impact on the environment motivated the author to conduct a risk assessment of heavy metals in the Mara River and its tributaries. In this endeavor, the author used indices, principal component analysis (PCA), and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) tools to study the heavy metals pollution status in the area comprehensively. The study was conducted in the dry and rainy months of May and October 2019, respectively. Geochemical indices used in the present study were geo accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (CF), modified contamination degree (mCd), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk factor (Er i ), and potential ecological risk index (RI). Moreover, the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) were used for result comparisons. The principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated dominant loadings for As and Pb in sediments during the rainy month. Comparing sediment concentrations with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) revealed that As and Cd may harm sediments-dwelling aquatic organisms. Correlation coefficient results indicated that As had a strong negative correlation with the other elements in sediments during the dry month. The analysis of environmental risk indices revealed significant enrichment of sediments with As and Cd. Contamination of As, Cd, and Pb along the Mara River was extremely severely enriched and linked to anthropogenic sources. Moreover, Cd and As in tributaries were elevated in the rainy month than in the dry months of 2019. As a result, enrichment factors of As, Cd, and Pb were extremely severely enriched. However, low contamination degree and very low pollution existed in water and sediments in the study area. Depending on rain and drought conditions, differentiated efforts are needed to minimize the effects of elemental loadings in the Mara basin ecosystem— with special attention for mitigation to be paid for As and Cd.

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Section: Physicochemical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Risk assessment of heavy metals in water and sediments in the Mara river and its tributaries

Nkinda

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“…Water contained fecal contamination indicators that were critical for determining the quality of the water. Total coliforms and E. coli were the most extensively used bacteriological assays to detect harmful bacteria in animal and human feces [71]. In this study, the highest total coliforms and E. coli in the dry season were 1,296,125 MPN/100 mL and 183,500 MPN/100 mL, respectively.…”

Section: Temporal Analysis Of the Opak Sub-watershed's Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 66%

Land-Use Impact on Water Quality of the Opak Sub-Watershed, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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The integrated monitoring system of water quality is eminently reliant on water quality trend data. This study aims to obtain water quality patterns related to land-use change over a periodic observation in the Opak sub-watershed, Indonesia, both from a seasonal and spatial point of view. Landsat image data from 2013 to 2020 and water quality data comprising 25 parameters were compiled and analyzed. This study observed that land use remarkably correlated to water quality, especially the building area representing the dense population and various anthropogenic activities, to pollute the water sources. Three types of pollutant sources were identified using principal component analysis (PCA), including domestic, industrial, and agricultural activities, which all influenced the variance in river water quality. The use of spatiotemporal-based and multivariate analysis was to interpret water quality trend data, which can help the stakeholders to monitor pollution and take control in the Opak sub-watershed. The results investigated 17 out of 25 water quality parameters, which showed an increasing trend from upstream to downstream during the observation time. The concentration of biological oxygen demand over five days (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrite, sulfide, phenol, phosphate, oil and grease, lead, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and total coli, surpassed the water quality standard through spatial analysis.

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“…Similar results were acquired by Hulyar and Altug (2020) who stated that pH values and temperature of Cırpıcı River (Istanbul, Turkey) and its flowing areas recorded between 6.0-8.38 and 10.3-29.5ºC. The other study in Pindare River (Brazil) predicated that pH, temperature, TDS, and EC values in the three sampling points in the dry season were 7.06-8.13; 24-27°C; 140.66-185 mg/L and 213-363.33 µS/cm, respectively (Muniz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from the Seve Dam, and Konak Pond, Kilis, Turkey

Toplar

Özdenefe

2021

Acta Aquatica Turcica

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Pollution of surface waters with coliform bacteria having antibiotic and heavy metal resistance has become an increasing public health risk. For this reason, antibiotic and heavy metal resistance profiles of fecal microorganisms in surface water samples collected from two different points (Seve Dam and Konak Pond, Kilis, Turkey) were analyzed in this study. The various physicochemical parameters such as pH, Temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC) of samples were also examined. The total coliform load in each sample was ˃1100 (MPN)/100 mL. As fecal indicator microorganisms, 21 Escherichia coli strains were isolated from sampling points. Despite the high coliform contamination, the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of E. coli was recorded as 0.187. The multiple heavy metal resistance (MHMR) index (0.202) was remarkably higher than the MAR value. Most isolates showed minimal inhibition concentrations (MIC) in the range of 25-1.600 μg/mL based on concentrations of heavy metals. These results indicate that surface waters may be discharge points of industrial and domestic wastewaters

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Limnological Quality: Seasonality Assessment and Potential for Contamination of the Pindaré River Watershed, Pre-Amazon Region, Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Risk assessment of heavy metals in water and sediments in the Mara river and its tributaries

Risk assessment of heavy metals in water and sediments in the Mara river and its tributaries

Land-Use Impact on Water Quality of the Opak Sub-Watershed, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from the Seve Dam, and Konak Pond, Kilis, Turkey

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