Linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of carbon black filled elastomers: Use of complementary rheological characterizations

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The viscoelastic properties of filled elastomers (uncured styrene-butadiene rubber filled with carbon black) were investigated with two shear rheometers specially designed for the characterization of complex polymer systems. A torsional strain-controlled rheometer [i.e., a rubber process analyzer (RPA)] was used in dynamic and relaxation modes for measuring the storage and loss moduli and the relaxation modulus. A stress-controlled sliding cylinder rheometer (SCR) was operated for the measurement of the creep compliance. Both devices could be operated on a large scale of imposed strains or stresses ranging from the linear viscoelastic regime to the nonlinear viscoelastic regime, and they were complementary in supporting the original viscoelastic behavior of filled elastomers for a wide experimental time range. Moreover, when the measuring ranges of the two apparatus overlapped, a cross-check of the material functions obtained with the RPA or SCR could be successfully carried out. This validation of the data was performed not only in the linear domain of viscoelasticity, with the classical approach of a generalized Maxwell model, but also in the nonlinear domain, with a viscoelastic integral model of type K-BKZ.

Prediction of the friction coefficient of filled rubber sliding on dry and wet surfaces with self-affine large roughness

“…However, the ratio of the real contact area is less than of order 10 −4 and effective strain at the microscale, ε = A 0 ε 0 /A, is estimated to be of order unity. Strain sweep testing in general shows that the dynamic storage modulus of carbon-black-filled rubber decreases less than half under such large strain (Payne, 1964, Payne, 1965, Barrés et al, 2003, which is acceptable for our numerical assessment that the simulated rubber coefficient β < 1/2 is in good agreement with µ exp . The complete prediction of µ h requires the true complex elastic modulus as a function of the strain amplitude changing across the multiple sizes of asperities.…”

Study of the cure characteristics and viscoelastic behavior of styrene‐butadiene rubber compounds by using a rubber process analyzer

“…Many researchers have investigated into the influences of CB on the physical [1, 2], thermal [3–6], electrical [7], rheological and viscoelastic [8–10], and vulcanization [1, 11, 12] properties of filled compounds. Using rubber process analyzer, Barres et al [10] showed that the relaxation modulus of a filled rubber compound has a good agreement with the viscoelastic integral model. Other researchers [5] measured the hysteresis loss of NR and SBR compounds and found that the magnitudes of hysteresis loss increase with loading of carbon black.…”

Heat Shrinkable Behavior and Mechanical Response of a Low‐Density Polyethylene/Millable Polyurethane/Organoclay Ternary Nanocomposite

“…A similar observation was reported for the rheological behavior of other filled polymer systems. [24] The network structure of the LDPE/PU blend emanates from the enormous entanglement point of the amorphous zone of LDPE and millable PU elastomer. This network structure is sustained despite the large deformation in the strain sweep experiment (in case of the LDPE/millable PU blend).…”