Linear waveguides in photonic-crystal slabs

Johnson, Steven G.; Villeneuve, Pierre R.; Fan, Shanhui; Joannopoulos, J. D.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.62.8212

Cited by 573 publications

(328 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

322

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Creating a line defect in a PhC structure, e.g., by removing or modifying one or several lines of scatterers from the PhC periodic lattice, produces a photonic crystal waveguide (PCW). Various designs of a PCW in two-dimensional geometry have been reported, based both on air hole lattices in a dielectric background and on dielectric rods in air [4][5][6]. Numerous works have been dedicated to the optimization of PCW-based integrated optical devices, such as bends, splitters, couplers, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective lasing in multimode periodic and non‐periodic nanopillar waveguides

Zhukovsky¹,

Chigrin²,

Lavrinenko³

et al. 2007

Physica Status Solidi (b)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigate the lasing action in coupled multi-row nanopillar waveguides of periodic or fractal structure using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, coupled to the laser rate equations. Such devices exhibit band splitting with distinct and controllable supermode formation. We demonstrate that selective lasing into each of the supermodes is possible. The structure acts as a microlaser with selectable wavelength. Lasing mode selection is achieved by means of coaxial injection seeding with a Gaussian signal of appropriate transverse amplitude and phase profiles. Based on this we propose the concept of switchable lasing as an alternative to conventional laser tuning by means of external cavity control.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective lasing in multimode periodic and non‐periodic nanopillar waveguides

Zhukovsky¹,

Chigrin²,

Lavrinenko³

et al. 2007

Physica Status Solidi (b)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The maximum transmission in the waveguiding band did not reach unity in contrast to what we had observed in 3D photonic crystals. 30,31 This can be explained by the absence of confinement of the EM waves along the vertical direction ͑along the rod axis͒, 32 that resulted in leakage of EM waves along this direction.…”

Section: Rapid Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic band-gap effect, localization, and waveguiding in the two-dimensional Penrose lattice

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report experimental observation of a full photonic band gap in a two-dimensional Penrose lattice made of dielectric rods. Tightly confined defect modes having high quality factors were observed. Absence of the translational symmetry in Penrose lattice was used to change the defect frequency within the stop band. We also achieved the guiding and bending of electromagnetic waves through a row of missing rods. Propagation of photons along highly localized coupled-cavity modes was experimentally demonstrated and analyzed within the tight-binding approximation. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.161104 PACS number͑s͒: 42.70.Qs, 42.60.Da, 61.44.Br, 71.15.Ap Photonic crystals are artificial periodic structures in which the refractive index modulation gives rise to stop bands for electromagnetic waves ͑EM͒ within a certain frequency range in all directions. 1,2 The existence of photonic band gap 3 and localized modes 4 due to the Mie resonances 5 and the Bragg scattering in these structures is of fundamental importance. Recently it was recognized that the photonic gaps can exist in two-dimensional ͑2D͒ quasicrystals. [6][7][8][9] Defect characteristics in the same structures were also investigated theoretically 10 and experimentally. 11 A quasiperiodic system is characterized by a lack of longrange periodic translational order. But the quasiperiodic system has long-range band orientational order, so that it can be considered as an intermediate between periodic and random systems. 12-14 Previously, one-dimensional versions of these structures, the Fibonacci lattices, were investigated. Existence of photonic stop bands 15 and localization of light waves 16 in these one-dimensional photonic quasicrystals were reported. The Penrose tiles 17 are composed of fat and skinny rhombic unit cells and fill the 2D plane nonperiodically as illustrated in Fig. 1. In electronic systems, localization phenomena in the 2D Penrose lattice was widely studied. 18,19 Moreover, spectral gaps and localization were observed in 2D acoustical Penrose crystals. 20,21 Recently, Krauss et al. demonstrated the diffraction pattern from a grating based on Penrose tiles. 22 In this paper, we report on observation of the photonic band-gap effect in a 2D Penrose quasicrystal consisting of dielectric rods. Defect characteristics of various inequivalent sites of the crystal were investigated. It is observed that the EM waves can be guided and bended through the vacancy of removed rods along a line. We also measured transmission spectrum and dispersion relation of an array of coupled defects, and analyzed the experimental results within the classical wave analog of tight-binding approximation in solidstate physics. 23 The 2D Penrose lattice was constructed by placing square shaped alumina rods, having refractive index 3.1 at the microwave frequencies and dimensions 0.32 cmϫ0.32 cm ϫ15.25 cm, at each vertice of the skinny and fat rhombic cells ͑Fig. 1͒. The edge of each rhombus is aϭ1.2 cm. The experimental setup consists of a HP 8510C network analyzer and micr...

show abstract

“…However, as the 3D photonic crystal (PhC) presents a continuing challenge both to fabricate and integrate with optical components, 2D PhCs may be manufactured and tested more readily. Numerous studies have been done to implement PhC waveguides [24,25], where W1 denotes the basic structure created from a single line defect. For a SiO 2 cladded PhC W1, minimal loss is found to be 1.5 dB/mm, while an alternative air-clad one gave 0.6 dB/mm [26].…”

Section: Photonic Crystal Waveguidementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale waveguiding methods

Wang

Lin

2007

Nanoscale Res Lett

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While 32 nm lithography technology is on the horizon for integrated circuit (IC) fabrication, matching the pace for miniaturization with optics has been hampered by the diffraction limit. However, development of nanoscale components and guiding methods is burgeoning through advances in fabrication techniques and materials processing. As waveguiding presents the fundamental issue and cornerstone for ultra-high density photonic ICs, we examine the current state of methods in the field. Namely, plasmonic, metal slot and negative dielectric based waveguides as well as a few sub-micrometer techniques such as nanoribbons, high-index contrast and photonic crystals waveguides are investigated in terms of construction, transmission, and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss in detail quantum dot (QD) arrays as a gain-enabled and flexible means to transmit energy through straight paths and sharp bends. Modeling, fabrication and test results are provided and show that the QD waveguide may be effective as an alternate means to transfer light on sub-diffraction dimensions.

show abstract

Linear waveguides in photonic-crystal slabs

Cited by 573 publications

References 33 publications

Selective lasing in multimode periodic and non‐periodic nanopillar waveguides

Selective lasing in multimode periodic and non‐periodic nanopillar waveguides

Photonic band-gap effect, localization, and waveguiding in the two-dimensional Penrose lattice

Nanoscale waveguiding methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About