Linguistic networks associated with lexical, semantic and syntactic predictability in reading: A fixation-related fMRI study

Carter, Benjamin T.; Foster, Brent; Muncy, Nathan M.; Luke, Steven G.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.018

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 153 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Capturing the gradedness of predictions is important both theoretically and methodologically. Graded predictions appear to be characteristic of adult language processing; for instance, on the basis of a timed sentence completion task, Staub, Grant, Astheimer, & Cohen (2015) showed that adults activate many possible continuations in parallel (see also Carter, Foster, Muncy, & Luke, 2019; Luke & Christianson, 2016; Smith & Levy, 2013) Thus, since expert language users predict in a highly graded fashion, we would expect children whose predictions are more graded (and thus more adult‐like), to be more linguistically advanced. Accordingly, Mani et al (2016) found that 2‐year‐olds with larger expressive vocabularies were more likely to predict both words strongly associated with a sentence context and words that were only weakly associated with it, compared to an unassociated word.…”

Section: How Might Prediction Relate To Language Learning?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Preschoolers’ Vocabulary Development and Their Ability to Predict and Recognize Words

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

By age 2, children are developing foundational language processing skills, such as quickly recognizing words and predicting words before they occur. How do these skills relate to children's structural knowledge of vocabulary? Multiple aspects of language processing were simultaneously measured in a sample of 2-to-5year-olds (N = 215): While older children were more fluent at recognizing words, at predicting words in a graded fashion, and at revising incorrect predictions, only revision was associated with concurrent vocabulary knowledge once age was accounted for. However, an exploratory longitudinal follow-up (N = 55) then found that word recognition and prediction skills were associated with rate of subsequent vocabulary development, but revision skills were not. We argue that prediction skills may facilitate language learning through enhancing processing speed.

show abstract

Section: How Might Prediction Relate To Language Learning?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Preschoolers’ Vocabulary Development and Their Ability to Predict and Recognize Words

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mechanisms of prediction updating that impact the processing of upcoming wordsan event-related potential study on sentence comprehension It has been widely demonstrated that predictable words are easier to process: people are faster to read, name, or make lexical decisions on contextually supported words (e.g. Duffy, Henderson, & Morris, 1989;Ehrlich & Rayner, 1981;Kleiman, 1980;McClelland & O'Regan, 1981;Rayner & Well, 1996;Schwanenflugel & LaCount, 1988;Schwanenflugel & Shoben, 1985;Schwanenflugel & White, 1991); such words also elicit a reduced N400 ERP component 1 (see Kutas, DeLong, & Smith, 2011 for a review) and evoke less metabolic activity in the left temporal cortex (Carter, Foster, Muncy, & Luke, 2019;Frank & Willems, 2017;Henderson, Choi, Lowder, & Ferreira, 2016; (Schuster, Hawelka, Hutzler, Kronbichler, & Richlan, 2016;Willems, Frank, Nijhof, Hagoort, & van den Bosch, 2016). One of the challenges in the early days was clearly demonstrating that readers or listeners predict 2 upcoming parts of a text or message.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanisms of prediction updating that impact the processing of upcoming word: An event-related potential study on sentence comprehension.

Szewczyk

Wodniecka

2020

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most compelling pieces of evidence for the presence of predictions in language comprehension comes from event-related potential (ERP) studies which show that encountering an adjective whose gender marking is inconsistent with that of a highly expectable noun leads to an effect at the adjective. Until now the mechanism underlying this effect has been unknown. The present study tests a novel hypothesis whereby the effect at adjectives reflects prediction updating, which in turn impacts the N400 generated by the upcoming noun. In two experiments, native speakers of Polish read short stories that made several nouns likely at the position of a direct object in the story's final sentence. The noun was preceded by a gender-marked adjective which was shown in either of the two grammatical forms: a) informative about the following noun (adjectival gender marking constrained which nouns can follow), or b) less informative (the grammatical marking did not disambiguate the gender of the following noun). Importantly, the same stories and critical words were used in both conditions, which was possible thanks to exploiting syncretisms in Polish adjectival inflection. The results provide support for one or more mechanisms of prediction updating at the adjective that impact the amplitude of the N400 elicited by the following noun. Together, these results show that when only morphosyntactic cues are available, they are instantly used to update predictions about upcoming words.

show abstract

“…It has been widely demonstrated that predictable words are easier to process: people are faster to read, name, or make lexical decisions on contextually supported words (e.g. Duffy, Henderson, & Morris, 1989;Ehrlich & Rayner, 1981;Kleiman, 1980;McClelland & O'Regan, 1981;Rayner & Well, 1996;Schwanenflugel & LaCount, 1988;Schwanenflugel & Shoben, 1985;Schwanenflugel & White, 1991); such words also elicit a reduced N400 ERP component 1 (see Kutas, DeLong, & Smith, 2011 for a review) and evoke less metabolic activity in the left temporal cortex (Carter, Foster, Muncy, & Luke, 2019;Frank & Willems, 2017;Henderson, Choi, Lowder, & Ferreira, 2016; (Schuster, Hawelka, Hutzler, Kronbichler, & Richlan, 2016;Willems, Frank, Nijhof, Hagoort, & van den Bosch, 2016). One of the challenges in the early days was clearly demonstrating that readers or listeners predict 2 upcoming parts of a text or message.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of prediction updating - preprint

Szewczyk¹,

Wodniecka²

2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most compelling pieces of evidence for the presence of predictions in language comprehension comes from event-related potential (ERP) studies which show that encountering an adjective whose gender marking is inconsistent with that of a highly expectable noun leads to an effect at the adjective. Until now the mechanism underlying this effect has been unknown. The present study tests a novel hypothesis whereby the effect at adjectives reflects prediction updating, which in turn impacts the N400 generated by the upcoming noun. In two experiments, native speakers of Polish read short stories that made several nouns likely at the position of a direct object in the story’s final sentence. The noun was preceded by a gender-marked adjective which was shown in either of the two grammatical forms: a) informative about the following noun (adjectival gender marking constrained which nouns can follow), or b) less informative (the grammatical marking did not disambiguate the gender of the following noun). Importantly, the same stories and critical words were used in both conditions, which was possible thanks to exploiting syncretisms in Polish adjectival inflection. The results provide support for one or more mechanisms of prediction updating at the adjective that impact the amplitude of the N400 elicited by the following noun. Together, these results show that when only morphosyntactic cues are available, they are instantly used to update predictions about upcoming words.

show abstract

Linguistic networks associated with lexical, semantic and syntactic predictability in reading: A fixation-related fMRI study

Cited by 29 publications

References 153 publications

The Relation Between Preschoolers’ Vocabulary Development and Their Ability to Predict and Recognize Words

The Relation Between Preschoolers’ Vocabulary Development and Their Ability to Predict and Recognize Words

The mechanisms of prediction updating that impact the processing of upcoming word: An event-related potential study on sentence comprehension.

Mechanisms of prediction updating - preprint

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About