Lipolytic effect of novel extracts from mulberry (Morus alba) leaves fermented withCordyceps militarisin the primary adipocytes derived from SD rats

Abstract

Mulberry (Morus alba) leaves are known to have therapeutic effects on lipid metabolism including lipogenesis, lipolysis and hyperlipidemia. However, novel compounds with strong lipolytic ability among 27 extracts of the mulberry leaves fermented with Cordyceps militaris (EMfCs) have not yet been identified. Therefore, the cAMP concentration and cell viability were measured in the primary adipocytes of SD (Sprague Dawley) rats and 3T3-L1 cells after treatment of 27 EMfCs. Briefly, mulberry leaves powders amended with three different concentrations (0, 25 and 50%) of silkworm pupae (SWP) powder were fermented with 10% C. militaris (v/w) during three different periods (3, 4 and 6 weeks). A total of 27 extracts were obtained from the fermented mulberry leaves powders using three different solvents (dH2O, 50% EtOH and 95% EtOH). Among the 27 EMfCs treated groups, a significant increase in the concentration of cAMP was detected in primary adipocytes treated with 10 extracts when compared with the Vehicle treated group. However, their cAMP concentration did not agree completely with the non-toxicity, although most extracts showed non-toxicity. Furthermore, the concentration of cAMP and level of free glycerol gradually increased in a dose dependent manner (100, 200 and 400 µg/mL) of 4M3-95 contained cordycepin without any significant toxicity. Overall, the results of this study provide strong evidence that 4M3-95 extract derived from EMfCs can stimulate the lipolysis of primary adipocytes at an appropriate concentration and therefore have the potential for use as lipolytic agents to treat obesity.

Essential role of Ahnak in adipocyte differentiation leading to the transcriptional regulation of Bmpr1α expression

“…SVF was isolated from inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) of 6-week-old male Wild-type or Ahnak Knock-out mice 35 . Briefly, the adipose tissue was digested with 0.075% collagenase type II (Worthington Biochemical Corporation, Lakewood, NJ, USA) containing 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 2 h at 37 °C with shaking.…”

Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress in high-fat-diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice: Efficacy of a novel extract from mulberry (Morus alba) leaves fermented with Cordyceps militaris

“…EMfCs used in this study were prepared in accordance with the previous papers [14]. Briefly, the samples of mulberry dry leaves were collected from plantations in the Sangju district of Korea in October 2015.…”

Anti‑obesity effect in high‑fat‑diet‑induced obese C57BL/6 mice: Study of a novel extract from mulberry (Morus alba) leaves fermented with Cordyceps militaris

“…Recent reports indicate that C. militaris -fermented products are beneficial in attenuating liver fibrosis (24,25); similar effects were observed with a mixture of C. militaris and a secondary metabolite secreted from mushroom (26). In our previous study, we reported that the extract of Morus alba leaves fermented with C. militaris (EMfC) has a lipolytic effect on adipocytes isolated from SD rats (27). However, no detailed study was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of EMfC on obesity.…”