Literature Review on Digital Citizenship in Turkey

Abstract

With as of the start of the 2000s, technology and internet have become almost indispensable in the lives of individuals. Rapid development of technology has increased the interest and dependence of people on the internet and made it compulsory to use the internet. Increased use of the internet has led to the development invention of mobile devices, cloud technologies, and information and communication technologies. Besides facilitating and accelerating their lives, this situation has caused individuals to encounter some risks. Individuals can exchange information in an online environment, share their feelings and thoughts in a comfortable way, easily benefit from public services and be aware of the events that take place in various parts of the world. In addition, they have started to perform some transactions in electronic media such as e-shopping, e-government, e-book, e-library, e-pulse, e-banking. This brought about the concept of digital life. Digital life has changed a large part of our habits as the Internet began to enter our lives. Most of these changes are in the fields of communication and life perception. This phenomenon led researchers to work more intensively on the concept of digital citizenship. While researching the effects of digital citizenship on the one hand, studies were carried out to determine what to do at school and at teachers’ level. The aim of this study is to address the trends and gaps observed in the research studies about on digital citizenship and to focus on which their subject areas in Turkey. As a result of literature review: (1) Most of the researches studies that are conducted as a result of literature review are focused on students and teachers, (2) In these studies many different scales have been developed to determine the levels of digital citizenship according to the focal point and different factors.

Methods Used in Digital Citizenship: A Systematic Literature Review

“…In the digital age, citizenship is characterized by the capacity to comprehend and utilize media and information (Imer & Kaya, 2020). However, media and information literacy are the capacity to recognize the need for information and to obtain, evaluate, and synthesize it.…”

“…Educating digital citizens is the most effective strategy to safeguard them from the dangers linked with online engagement (Gleason & von Gillern, 2018;Manzuoli et al, 2019). Hollandsworth et al (2011) and Imer and Kaya (2020) noted the necessity of digital citizenship education "students' increased access to, and use of the Internet raises this concern. It is up to whom to guide the next generation into a technology society" (Johnson, 2017).…”

Science Mapping Research on Digital Citizenship Research in Education

“…In this time period, people have started to use the advanced technologies brought more frequently, and especially with the inclusion of internet technologies in human life, technology has become one of the main factors that influence developments in the fields of health, education, communication, media, * Correspondency: tevfikpalaz@gazi.edu.tr politics, and industry (Fırat, 2016). In addition, thanks to the internet, individuals have been able to share their knowledge, experience, thoughts, and feelings with the masses, and have been able to have information about events occurring anywhere in the world in a very short time (İmer & Kaya, 2020). In recent years, digital tools that have entered our lives in parallel with the development of technology allow people to prepare photos, videos, and stories, share drawings or opinions and make joint projects with people from different parts of the world in virtual environments such as social media (Fingal, 2020).…”

“…There are various studies in the field that examine the research base on digital citizenship (e.g. Sánchez et al, 2019;İmer & Kaya, 2020;Fernández-Prados et al, 2020;Kaur, 2021;Richardson et al, 2021;Taşkıran, 2021;Öztürk, 2021). Sánchez et al (2019), for instance, discussed the studies on digital citizenship (Spanish and English) in various databases (Science Direct, Redalyc, Eric, ISI, Proquest, Scopus, Emerald, Dialnet, and Ebsco) between 2007 and 2017 in terms of the concept of digital citizenship and the trends of studies on the subject.…”

“…Sánchez et al (2019), for instance, discussed the studies on digital citizenship (Spanish and English) in various databases (Science Direct, Redalyc, Eric, ISI, Proquest, Scopus, Emerald, Dialnet, and Ebsco) between 2007 and 2017 in terms of the concept of digital citizenship and the trends of studies on the subject. İmer and Kaya (2020) aimed to identify the trends and gaps in this field by examining the articles, masters and doctoral theses on digital citizenship in Turkey. Fernández-Prados et al, (2020) examined the studies included in the WoS database using the keyword "digital citizenship" without restricting the type of publication.…”