Lithium batteries. new materials, developments and perspectives

Collins, Derek

doi:10.1016/0378-7753(94)87026-8

Cited by 22 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Lithium batteries have been widely used in portable electronic devices and vehicle power systems 2,3 . The anode material in lithium batteries is a key component that determines the performance of the batteries 4,5 . Currently, the anode material in lithium batteries is usually based on graphite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 The anode material in lithium batteries is a key component that determines the performance of the batteries. 4,5 Currently, the anode material in lithium batteries is usually based on graphite. The graphite anode has a limited theoretical capacity of 372 mAh/g, 6,7 which is an obstacle to overcome for the development of high capacity lithium batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Properties of Polymer‐Derived SiCN Materials as the Anode in Lithium Ion Batteries

Feng

et al. 2009

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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Polymer‐derived SiCN materials, pyrolyzed from polysilylethylenediamine at temperatures between 600° and 1500°C, are used as the anode in lithium batteries, and their electrochemical performance is studied. The SiCN materials, having composition ranging from organic to inorganic and phase structures from amorphous to crystalline, are obtained from pyrolysis at different temperatures. Electrochemical measurements show that the 1000°–1300°C derived SiCN materials exhibit a first‐cycle discharge capacity of 608–754 mAh/g at a current density of 40 mA/g, which is higher than that of a graphite anode. The discharge capacity reduces to 170–230 mAh/g after seven charge–discharge cycles and stays in this range over 30 cycles. Compositional and structural analyses show that the 1000°–1300°C derived SiCN materials have an amorphous phase and contain free carbon in the SiCN network. In contrast, the 600°–800°C derived SiCN, which contains organic groups, and the 1400°–1500°C derived SiCN, which contains SiC crystallites, show a much lower charge and discharge capacity compared with that of the amorphous SiCN anode. This suggests that free carbon in SiCN and the amorphous structure of the SiCN materials contribute to the electrochemical performance of the SiCN materials. It seems that the free carbon phase acts as an active site for the insertion of Li ions while the amorphous SiCN network provides a path for Li‐ion transfer. The strong dependence of the electrochemical capacities of the polymer‐derived SiCN materials on their compositions and structures suggests the potential to enhance the electrochemical performance of the materials through molecular design and/or the control of material structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Properties of Polymer‐Derived SiCN Materials as the Anode in Lithium Ion Batteries

Feng

et al. 2009

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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“…Among all the elements of the periodic table, those which exhibit a high compressibility or 'atomic softness', are often involved in materials capable of storing, in a reversible way, guest species. These materials are vital for the manufacture of new energy-storage devices, such as the well known lithium-ion batteries [1,2]. The reversibility criterion, mentioned above, implies that guest species can be inserted into (and removed from) a host structure without major structural changes in the host material, such as a recrystallization for example.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic compressibility and reversible insertion of atoms into solids

Connerade

Semaoune

2000

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We developed a theoretical model to investigate the compressibility of atoms. Atoms are confined inside a spherical cavity, simulated numerically by a finite repulsive potential barrier. The energy levels and wavefunctions of confined atoms are determined by solving, for different cavity radii, the relativistic Dirac-Fock equations, including formally the repulsive barrier. The changes in the atomic size and in the ground-state energy level allow one to define a positive isotropic pressure exerted on the confined atom. The model is applied to atomic caesium and it is demonstrated quantitatively that the remarkable compressibility of caesium originates from a purely atomic mechanism, namely the pressure-induced collapse of the 5d orbital. We propose that this mechanism can also drive, at an atomic level, a reversible insertion of atoms into solids. Applications to lithium-ion batteries are briefly discussed at the end of this paper.

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“…In recent years, a great interest has been focused on the study of lithium ion conductors due to their potential applications in lithium batteries [1], sensors [2] and electrochromic devices [3]. Various preparation methods have been used to prepare lithium ion conductors with different additives in forms of single-crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preparation and ionic conductance of nano-amorphous thin film

Chen

1996

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A kind of nano-amorphous thin film was prepared by RF sputtering. The results of XRD and HREM analysis showed that the film was mainly composed of nano-amorphous particles sized about 10 nm on average. The electrical conductivity was measured using an AC impedance technique in the temperature range 283 - 373 K. It was found that the film was a lithium ion conductor with a conductivity of at room temperature and the ionic conductivity of the film varied with the temperature according to the Arrhénius equation from which an activation energy of was calculated. Compared with that of other conductors reported previously, the value is fairly low. A hypothesis based on ion migration through the highly disordered interface of nano-particles has been put forward to explain this anomalous result.

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Lithium batteries. new materials, developments and perspectives

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Electrochemical Properties of Polymer‐Derived SiCN Materials as the Anode in Lithium Ion Batteries

Electrochemical Properties of Polymer‐Derived SiCN Materials as the Anode in Lithium Ion Batteries

Atomic compressibility and reversible insertion of atoms into solids

The preparation and ionic conductance of nano-amorphous thin film

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