Lithium electrochromism of atmospheric pressure plasma jet-synthesized NiO x C y thin films

Lin, Yung‐Sen; Lin, Di-Jiun; Chiu, Lu-Yan; Lin, Shu-Yen

doi:10.1007/s10008-012-1664-0

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Recently, assemblies of corrugated lead halide perovskites have been reported, which exhibit photoluminescence across the entire visible spectrum upon UV excitation, with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) up to 9%. [62][63][64] In the early stage, these corrugated structures of 2D perovskites were studied in the form of bulk single crystals, [62,63,[65][66][67][68][69] showing a redshifted and broad emission. In 2014, Dohner et al reported two new corrugated 2D perovskite single crystals and observed their intrinsic white-light emission with PLQE up to 9%.…”

Section: Solution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Metal Halide Perovskites: Theory, Synthesis, and Optoelectronics

et al. 2017

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Two‐dimensional (2D) materials attract great attention due to their unique and novel properties in optics, electronics, magnetics, etc. Various 2D materials have been developed since the discovery of graphene, including hexagonal boron nitrides (h‐BNs), transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black phosphorus, and so on. Meanwhile, metal halide perovskites are also of great interest because of their high absorbance, high quantum yield, color tunability in the visible‐light range, and high color purity with narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM). Thus, what happens if 2D materials and metal halide perovskites combine? Here work on 2D metal halide perovskites, a class of new 2D materials, is introduced. Besides the advantages of metal halide perovskites, such as high quantum yield, high color purity, and so on, 2D materials are suitable for flexible and wearable devices, giving 2D metal halide perovskites a more and more important role in energy, information displays, illumination, and many other applications.

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Section: Solution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Metal Halide Perovskites: Theory, Synthesis, and Optoelectronics

et al. 2017

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“…NiO films suffer from optical degradation and limitation in modulation span under extended electrochemical cycling, − and several recent studies aimed at alleviating these deficiencies have been reported. Beneficial effects of additives to NiO have been studied, specifically for litihum, , carbon, , nitrogen, tungsten, (Li,W), (Li,Al), (Li,Zr), and several more. Nevertheless, the most crucial problem for NiO-based films, viz., their cycling durability, is still far from solved.…”

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confidence: 99%

Strongly Improved Electrochemical Cycling Durability by Adding Iridium to Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Films

Wen

Niklasson

Granqvist

2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Anodically coloring Ni oxide thin films are of much interest as counter electrodes in Woxide-based electrochromic devices such as "smart windows" for energy efficient buildings.However, Ni oxide films are prone to suffer severe charge density degradation upon prolonged electrochemical cycling, which can lead to insufficient device lifetime. Therefore means to improve the durability of Ni-oxide-based films is an important challenge at present.Here we report that the incorporation of a modest amount of Ir into Ni oxide films [Ir/(Ir + Ni) = 7.6 at.%] leads to remarkable durability, exceeding 10,000 cycles in a Li-conducting 2 electrolyte, along with significantly improved optical modulation during extended cycling.Structure characterization showed that the fcc-type NiO structure remained after Ir addition.Moreover, the crystallinity of these films was enhanced upon electrochemical cycling. 3Electrochromic thin-film devices are of much current interest for "smart windows" capable of varying their throughput of visible light and solar energy so that buildings can be rendered both energy efficient and comfortable. 1-3 These devices normally utilize joint transport of small ions and electrons between a thin film of tungsten oxide and a counter electrode based on nickel oxide, basically in the same way as in an electrical battery, and the optical transmittance is low when the charge resides in W oxide while the transmittance is high when the charge is in Ni oxide. Ni oxide films suffer from optical degradation and limitation in modulation span under extended electrochemical cycling, 4-6 and several recent studies aimed at alleviating these deficiencies have been reported. Beneficial effects of additives to the Ni oxide have been studied, specifically for Li, 7,8 C, 9,10 N, 11 W, 12 (Li,W), 13 (Li,Al), 14 (Li,Zr), 15 and several more. Nevertheless, the most crucial problem for Ni-oxide-based films, viz., their cycling durability, is still far from solved. In a previous paper, 4 we showed that the degradation of charge density in Ni-oxide follows a power-law decay model upon cycling in 1 M LiClO 4 dissolved in propylene carbonate (Li-PC), and long-term degradation hence does not only curtail cycle-life but also gradually erodes the optical modulation span of the device.In this Letter, we report that the charge density exchange in Ni-oxide-based thin films can be significantly increased during extended electrochemical cycling if the films contain a modest amount of iridium, and optical modulation is concomitantly enhanced.We deposited Ir-Ni oxide films by co-sputtering from metallic iridium and nickel targets in argon-oxygen atmosphere onto unheated glass coated with In 2 O 3 :Sn (i.e., ITO, 60 Ω/square).Films were also prepared on carbon substrates for composition determination. Film thickness t was determined by surface profilometry across a step edge. The iridium content in the Ni oxide was characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). Ni oxide before and after 10,000 and 2,600 CV cycles, respe...

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“…Electrochromic Ni-oxide-based films have been made also by electrophoretic deposition of Ni hydroxide nanoparticles [50] and from Ni oxide pigments deposited from water dispersion [51]. The electrochromism of binary Ni-based mixed oxides have attracted much attention during recent years, and results have been presented for such oxides containing Li [52][53][54], C [55,56], N [57], F [58], Al [59], Ti [60], V [61,62], Mn [49], Co [33], Cu [63], and W [25]. Ternary Ni-based oxides or nanocomposites containing Li-Al [64], Li-Zr [65], and Li-W [66] have given particularly interesting results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic voltammetry on sputter-deposited films of electrochromic Ni oxide: Power-law decay of the charge density exchange

Wen

Granqvist

Niklasson

2014

Applied Physics Letters

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Porous nickel oxide films were deposited onto unheated indium tin oxide coated glass substrates by reactive dc magnetron sputtering. These films had a cubic NiO structure.Electrochromic properties were evaluated in 1 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) and in 1 M lithium perchlorate in propylene carbonate (Li-PC). Large optical modulation was obtained for ~500-nm-thick films both in KOH and in Li-PC (~70 % and ~50 % at 550 nm, respectively). In KOH, tensile and compressive stress, due to expansion and contraction of the lattice, were found for films in their bleached and colored state, respectively. In Li-PC, compressive stress was seen both in colored and bleached films. Durability tests with voltage sweeps between -0.5 to 0.65 V vs Ag/AgCl in KOH showed good durability for 10,000 cycles, whereas voltage sweeps between 2.0 to 4.7 V vs Li/Li + in Li-PC yielded significant degradation after 1000 cycles.

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Lithium electrochromism of atmospheric pressure plasma jet-synthesized NiO x C y thin films

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Two‐Dimensional Metal Halide Perovskites: Theory, Synthesis, and Optoelectronics

Two‐Dimensional Metal Halide Perovskites: Theory, Synthesis, and Optoelectronics

Strongly Improved Electrochemical Cycling Durability by Adding Iridium to Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Films

Cyclic voltammetry on sputter-deposited films of electrochromic Ni oxide: Power-law decay of the charge density exchange

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