Lithospheric thickness estimation beneath<scp>N</scp>orthwestern<scp>S</scp>outh<scp>A</scp>merica from an<i>S</i>‐wave receiver function analysis

Blanco, Jenny; Vargas, Carlos; Monsalve, Gaspar

doi:10.1002/2016gc006785

Cited by 22 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Melting of the lithospheric or asthenospheric mantle in convergent margins may be either related to delamination after considerable crustal thickening, which may be commonly associated with extension (Kay & Kay, ), or to changes in the subduction angle (Kay et al, ; Kay & Mpodozis, ). For the EC, we favor shallowing of the slab as the main trigger mechanism, as neither the temporal association of this magmatism with compression (Mora et al, , ) nor the relatively uniform lithospheric thickness in the whole northern Andes region (Blanco et al, ) fit the delamination hypothesis. As the slab angle shallows, asthenospheric upwelling can trigger lithospheric melting (Li & Li, ).…”

Section: Discussion and Tectonic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Deep Crustal Faults, Shear Zones, and Magmatism in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: Growth of a Plateau From Teleseismic Receiver Function and Geochemical Mio‐Pliocene Volcanism Constraints

et al. 2019

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The Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, in the northern Andes, is an example of an orogen in which Mesozoic basins were compressed during the Cenozoic, forming a ~2,500‐m‐high plateau in its northern portion. Significant shortening and crustal thickening have contributed to the construction of the present topography and elevation. In this contribution, we combine the use of teleseismic receiver functions, Hf isotopes, whole‐rock geochemistry, and U‐Pb dating to help elucidate the main mechanisms that played a role in the crustal thickening and uplift of the cordillera. Receiver functions calculated for three stations on top of the plateau are consistent with the presence of thrusts that converge into major crustal interfaces at upper‐middle crustal depths; they also suggest the existence of two crustal anisotropic layers beneath the western flank of the cordillera, which we interpret to have formed as a result of shearing. In the northern portion of the plateau, in the area where two Mio‐Pliocene volcanic domes and their related deposits outcrop, a lower crustal high seismic velocity layer is suggested by the receiver functions; we propose magmatic underplating for the origin of this layer. The geochemical characteristics of the volcanic rocks in the area are consistent with partial melt in a mantle influenced by slab‐related fluids; this magma could have been added to the crust and portions of it ascended and reached the surface, experiencing assimilation and differentiation during the process. We hypothesize that this Mio‐Pliocene volcanism was related to flattening of the Nazca subducting slab.

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Section: Discussion and Tectonic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Deep Crustal Faults, Shear Zones, and Magmatism in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: Growth of a Plateau From Teleseismic Receiver Function and Geochemical Mio‐Pliocene Volcanism Constraints

et al. 2019

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“…The presence of this high-density trend down to 75 km depth suggest that it travelled with the mobile Caribbean lithosphere. Accordingly, Blanco et al (2017) reported the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary in the Caribbean region around 75-80 km depth.…”

Section: High Density Mantle Trend: Preserved Materials Of the Clip Plmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preserved plume of the Caribbean Large Igneous Plateau revealed by 3D data-integrative models

Gómez-García¹,

Breton²,

Scheck‐Wenderoth³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Remnants of the Caribbean Large Igneous Plateau (CLIP) are found as thicker than normal oceanic crust in the Caribbean Sea, that formed during rapid pulses of magmatic activity at ~ 91–88 Ma and ~ 76 Ma. Strong geochemical evidence supports the hypothesis that the CLIP formed due to melting of the plume head of the Galápagos hotspot, which interacted with the Farallon (Proto-Caribbean) plate in the east Pacific. Considering the plate tectonics theory, it is expected that the lithospheric portion of the plume-related material migrated within the Proto-Caribbean plate, in a north–north-eastward direction, developing the present-day Caribbean plate. In this research, we used 3D lithospheric-scale, data-integrative models of the current Caribbean plate setting to reveal, for the first time, the presence of positive density anomalies in the uppermost lithospheric mantle. These models are based on the integration of up-to-date geophysical datasets, from the Earth’s surface down to 200 km depth, which are validated using high-resolution free-air gravity measurements. Based on the gravity residuals (modelled minus observed gravity), we derive density heterogeneities both in the crystalline crust and the uppermost oceanic mantle (

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“…The eastward extent of the flat slab south of the modern WBZ offset is unknown, but we propose that the eastern margin of the flat slab aligned itself with the Eastern Cordillera, much as the modern flat slab continues to do today. We propose this geometry because the eastern limit of the flat slab could be due to the presence of thicker lithosphere along and east of the Eastern Cordillera that hinders the farther eastward horizontal advance of the flat slab [e.g., Yarce et al, 2014;Blanco et al, 2017]. This geometry is also the simplest geometry that connects the ongoing active volcanism (and therefore ongoing normal subduction) at 3°N to the broadest portion of the modern flat slab just north of 5.5°N (Figure 3b).…”

Section: 1002/2017gl073981mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient slab flattening beneath Colombia

Wagner

Jaramillo

Ramirez-Hoyos

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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Subduction of the Nazca and Caribbean Plates beneath northwestern Colombia is seen in two distinct Wadati Benioff Zones, one associated with a flat slab to the north and one associated with normal subduction south of 5.5°N. The normal subduction region is characterized by an active arc, whereas the flat slab region has no known Holocene volcanism. We analyze volcanic patterns over the past 14 Ma to show that in the mid‐Miocene a continuous arc extended up to 7°N, indicating normal subduction of the Nazca Plate all along Colombia's Pacific margin. However, by ~6 Ma, we find a complete cessation of this arc north of 3°N, indicating the presence of a far more laterally extensive flat slab than at present. Volcanism did not resume between 3°N and 6°N until after 4 Ma, consistent with lateral tearing and resteepening of the southern portion of the Colombian flat slab at that time.

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Lithospheric thickness estimation beneathNorthwesternSouthAmerica from anS‐wave receiver function analysis

Cited by 22 publications

References 60 publications

Deep Crustal Faults, Shear Zones, and Magmatism in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: Growth of a Plateau From Teleseismic Receiver Function and Geochemical Mio‐Pliocene Volcanism Constraints

Deep Crustal Faults, Shear Zones, and Magmatism in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: Growth of a Plateau From Teleseismic Receiver Function and Geochemical Mio‐Pliocene Volcanism Constraints

The preserved plume of the Caribbean Large Igneous Plateau revealed by 3D data-integrative models

Transient slab flattening beneath Colombia

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