“…For DC, the reported prevalence in different studies varies from 4.4–26.1% in humans [ 30 , 69 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ] and 14.1–28.7% in cattle [ 19 , 53 , 57 ]. Human studies have shown that abnormal cleavage is associated with reduced blastocyst development, implantation potential, or live birth rate [ 21 , 22 , 69 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ]. Similarly, our previous study using bovine IVF embryos demonstrated that at eight days post-insemination, embryos presenting RC or DC had a lower proportion of blastocysts with good morphology than normally cleaved embryos, although the overall blastocyst rate was only reduced in the RC groups [ 53 ].…”