Livelihood Strategies and Land Use Changes in Response to Conservation: Pitfalls of Community-Based Forest Management in Madagascar

Toillier, Aurélie; Serpantié, Georges; Hervé, Dominique; Lardon, Sylvie

doi:10.1080/10549811003742357

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This result is important given concerns that CFM restricts forest uses and thus may have negative impacts on household well‐being (Hockley & Andriamarovololona ; Toillier et al . ; Ramamonjisoa & Rabemananjara ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Impacts of Community Forest Management on Human Economic Well‐Being across Madagascar

Rasolofoson

Ferraro

Ruta

et al. 2016

CONSERVATION LETTERS

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Community Forest Management (CFM) devolves forest management to local communities to achieve conservation and human well-being goals. Yet, the evidence for CFM's impacts is mixed and difficult to interpret because of inadequate attention to rival explanations for the observed empirical patterns. In a national-scale analysis in Madagascar that carefully considers these rival explanations, we estimate CFM impacts on household living standards, as measured by per capita consumption expenditures. The estimated impact is positive, but small and not statistically different from zero. However, we can statistically reject substantial negative impacts (which others have suggested may exist). The estimated impacts vary conditional on household education and proximity to forests: they are more positive and statistically significant for households closer to forest and with more education. To help improve CFM design, scholars and practitioners should anticipate heterogeneity in CFM impacts and work to better characterize them, theoretically and empirically.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Only a few case studies (Hockley & Andriamarovololona ; Toillier et al . ; Ramamonjisoa & Rabemananjara ) have empirically investigated the impacts of CFM on human well‐being. None of these studies were at a national scale and none adequately controlled for confounding variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Community Forest Management on Human Economic Well‐Being across Madagascar

Rasolofoson

Ferraro

Ruta

et al. 2016

CONSERVATION LETTERS

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“…The survey focused on livelihood assets, adaptive and productive activities, and the diversity of income sources (6,(27)(28)(29). As is common with government programs in China (e.g., ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits, costs, and livelihood implications of a regional payment for ecosystem service program

Zheng

Robinson

Liang

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

203

141

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Despite broad interest in using payment for ecosystem services to promote changes in the use of natural capital, there are few expost assessments of impacts of payment for ecosystem services programs on ecosystem service provision, program cost, and changes in livelihoods resulting from program participation. In this paper, we evaluate the Paddy Land-to-Dry Land (PLDL) program in Beijing, China, and associated changes in service providers' livelihood activities. The PLDL is a land use conversion program that aims to protect water quality and quantity for the only surface water reservoir that serves Beijing, China's capital city with nearly 20 million residents. Our analysis integrates hydrologic data with household survey data and shows that the PLDL generates benefits of improved water quantity and quality that exceed the costs of reduced agricultural output. The PLDL has an overall benefitcost ratio of 1.5, and both downstream beneficiaries and upstream providers gain from the program. Household data show that changes in livelihood activities may offset some of the desired effects of the program through increased expenditures on agricultural fertilizers. Overall, however, reductions in fertilizer leaching from land use change dominate so that the program still has a positive net impact on water quality. This program is a successful example of water users paying upstream landholders to improve water quantity and quality through land use change. Program evaluation also highlights the importance of considering behavioral changes by program participants.social-ecological systems | sustainable household livelihoods | watershed management | sustainability | regional collaboration P ayment for ecosystem services (PES) can serve as an effective mechanism to translate external, nonmarket values of ecosystem services into financial incentives for local actors to provide such services (1), and has been highlighted as an innovative approach to integrate conservation and socioeconomic development (2-4). In principle, when the benefits derived from increased provision of ecosystem services exceed the cost of provision, PES mechanisms can make both ecosystem service beneficiaries and providers better off. Despite considerable promise and interest in the use of PES worldwide and increasing assessments of the benefits and costs of PES programs, there is little documentation of resulting changes in program participants' livelihoods. Livelihood changes can alter the total effect of a program through unintended changes in an area's economic structure or other natural capital assets (5-8). Taking stock of these socioeconomic impacts highlights the dynamic and distributional effects of PES programs, and is necessary for understanding the equity implications and overall efficiency of a program.Beijing faces a water crisis requiring urgent solutions, and PES programs are one strategy being used to protect water resources. The Miyun Reservoir is the only surface water source for domestic water in Beijing. Its main purpose is to supply...

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“…La décennie quatre -vingt -dix a marqué un tournant important de la politique environnementale et forestière de Madagascar (Froger et Méral 2012 (Bertrand et al 2012, Corson 2014, Pollini et al 2014 L'une des principales tâches à accomplir dans le cadre de l'ESFUM était la mise sous aménagement forestier de 100 000 ha de forêts par an sur les dix ans des phases 2 et 3 du PAE (Raharison 2006 Le bilan du PE1 a été mitigé et les PCDI ont été abandonnés (Toillier et al 2011). La gestion des aires protégées a été con- Certains opérateurs mettent en place de tels contrats léonins en moins de trois mois (Bertrand et al 2012 …”

Section: Le Temps D'un Bilan Des Nouvelles Poli-tiques Forestière Et unclassified

Madagascar, politique forestière : Bilan 1990 – 2013 et propositions

Bertrand¹,

Aubert²,

Montagne³

et al. 2014

MCD

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Livelihood Strategies and Land Use Changes in Response to Conservation: Pitfalls of Community-Based Forest Management in Madagascar

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Impacts of Community Forest Management on Human Economic Well‐Being across Madagascar

Impacts of Community Forest Management on Human Economic Well‐Being across Madagascar

Benefits, costs, and livelihood implications of a regional payment for ecosystem service program

Madagascar, politique forestière : Bilan 1990 – 2013 et propositions

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