Local administration with silymarin could increase osseointegration of hydroxyapatite-coated titanium implants in ovariectomized rats

Abstract

As hydroxyapatite has good osteoconductive properties, it is used as coating material for the implants in cementless arthroplasty. However, its effect is not sufficient for osteoporotic bone. Silymarin promotes osteoblast proliferation and inhibits osteoclast proliferation, and positively affects bone regeneration. System administration of silymarin increases bone strength and both cancellous and cortical bone mass. The aim of this study was to confirm the effect of the local incorporation silymarin into hydroxyapatite-coated titanium implants in the osteoporotic and normal condition. Twelve-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study. Twelve weeks after bilateral ovariectomy, all animals were randomly divided into three groups: group sham, group ovariectomized and group silymarin, and the rats from ovariectomized and sham received hydroxyapatite implants and animals belong to group silymarin received silymarin-hydroxyapatite implants until death at 12 weeks, respectively. The bilateral femurs of rats were harvested for evaluation. All treatments increased new bone formation around the surface of titanium rods and push-out force other than group ovariectomized. Compared with group ovariectomized, group silymarin showed the strongest effects on new bone formation, biomechanical strength and regulation of osteogenesis and bone resorption-related gene expression, respectively. Additionally, these are significant difference in bone formation, gene expression and push-out force was observed among treatment groups. This finding suggests that local incorporation of silymarin is useful to improve the fixation of hydroxyapatite-coated implants in ovariectomized rats.

Calcium fructoborate coating of titanium–hydroxyapatite implants by chemisorption deposition improves implant osseointegration in the femur of New Zealand White rabbit experimental model

“…The helpful effects of Silymarin were proved through different parameters like increased implant osseointegration, binding strength, osteogenic activity, and improved trabecular microarchitecture. Thus, the fixation of HAp-coated implants in ovariectomized rats is improved by the local incorporation of Silymarin [ 35 ].…”

Local administration of aspirin improves osseointegration of hydroxyapatite-coated titanium implants in ovariectomized rats through activation of the Notch signaling pathway

“…Two aspirin concentrations, 0 and 100 µg/mL, were chosen to form ASP-loaded HA coatings, namely HA and ASP-HA, respectively, with both the high incorporation efficiency and the high retention rate attained for drugs as previously described. 12–15 The m-SBF without ASP was employed to prepare control samples, HA. All the samples were then incubated in the m-SBF at 42 °C for 24 h to form coatings.…”

“…Total RNA was isolated using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) as previously described. 14,24 Briefly, tissue samples were homogenized using a mortar and pestle with liquid nitrogen, and 5 ml of TRIzol reagent per 50–100 mg of bone tissue was subsequently added to the samples. After homogenization, insoluble material was removed from the homogenate by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 4 °C.…”

Local administration with tauroursodeoxycholic acid could improve osseointegration of hydroxyapatite-coated titanium implants in ovariectomized rats

“…Afterwards, all animals were randomly divided into three experimental groups: Sham group, OVX group and TUDCA group, the rats from OVX and Sham received HA implants and animals belonging to group TUDCA received TUDCA-HA implants as previously described. 24,25 In 12 weeks postoperatively, all of the rats were euthanized by the over-dose administration of anesthetic agents. Subsequently, females with implants and blood were harvested and evaluated by histological analysis, Micro-CT, and push-out tests and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).…”

“…The peak load was obtained before failure to measure the bone-implant shear strength. 24,28 Western blot analyses Total cellular protein of bone tissue around the titanium rod after EDTA decalcification was extracted in RIPA buffer (Beyotime Biotechnology, Jiangsu, China) and quantified using a BCA protein assay kit (Beyotime Biotechnology, Jiangsu, China). Afterwards, a total of 30 mg protein was loaded and electricity on an 8-15% SDS-PAGE gel.…”