Local populations and metapopulations are both natural and operational categories

Baguette, Michel; Stevens, Virginie M.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12539.x

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In Belgium, the bog fritillary butterfly ( Proclossiana eunomia ESPER; Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) is a specialist species living in a very restricted habitat (bogs and unfertilised wet meadows) where its only host plant Polygonum bistorta L. grows. Because of changes in agricultural practices in the middle of the 20th century, the spatial extent of this transitional habitat, which was maintained by traditional agro‐pastoral practices, has been dramatically reduced (Baguette et al 2003). Nowadays, suitable patches of habitat remain scattered along rivers where they form networks supporting P. eunomia metapopulations at the landscape scale (Nève et al 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling mortality and dispersal: consequences of parameter generalisation on metapopulation dynamics

Mennechez¹,

Petit²,

Schtickzelle³

et al. 2004

Oikos

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M. 2004. Modelling mortality and dispersal: consequences of parameter generalisation on metapopulation dynamics. Á/ Oikos 106: 243 Á/252.Modelling dispersal is a fundamental step in the design of population viability analyses. Here, we address the question of the generalisation of population viability analysis models across landscapes by comparing dispersal between two metapopulations of the bog fritillary butterfly (Proclossiana eunomia ) living in similar highly fragmented landscapes ( B/1% of suitable habitat in 9 km 2 ). Differences in dispersal patterns were investigated using the virtual migration (VM) model, which was parameterised with capture Á/mark Á/recapture data collected during several years in both landscapes. The VM model allows the estimation of 6 parameters describing dispersal and mortality as well as the simulation of dispersal in the landscapes. The model revealed large differences in the VM parameter estimates between the two landscapes and consequently, simulations indicated differential rates of emigration and dispersal mortality. Furthermore, results from crossed-simulations i.e. simulations performed in one of the landscape but using parameter estimates from the other landscape emphasize that dispersal parameters are very specific to each metapopulation and to their landscape. Hence, we urge conservation biologists to be cautious with such parameter generalisations, even for the same species in comparable landscapes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling mortality and dispersal: consequences of parameter generalisation on metapopulation dynamics

Mennechez¹,

Petit²,

Schtickzelle³

et al. 2004

Oikos

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“…Habitat fragmentation leads to smaller population sizes and to the increasing isolation of remnant populations. In this context, the metapopulation theory gradually became a useful framework for conservation biologists, since it addresses the very processes underlying the persistence of fragmented populations (Harrison 1994;Hanski and Gilpin 1997;Baguette and Stevens 2003). Fragmentation of natural habitats is not the only human-induced alteration to landscape that aVects metapopulation functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantifying functional connectivity: experimental assessment of boundary permeability for the natterjack toad (Bufo calamita)

et al. 2006

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Like other pond-breeding amphibians, the natterjack toad (Bufo calamita) typically presents a patchy distribution. Because the species experiences high probabilities of local population extinction, its persistence within landscapes relies on both local and landscape-scale processes [dispersal allowing the (re)colonization of habitat patches]. However, the structure and composition of the matrix surrounding local populations can alter the dispersal rates between populations. As shown previously (Landscape Ecol 19:829-842, 2004), the locomotor performances of individuals at the dispersal stage depend on the nature of the component crossed: some landscape components offer high resistance to movement (high resistance or high viscosity components) whereas others allow high efficiency of movement (low resistance components). We now examine the ability of individuals to discriminate between landscape components and select low-resistance components. Our experimental study investigates the ways in which young natterjack toads choose from among landscape components common to southern Belgium. Toadlets (the dispersal stage) were experimentally confronted with boundaries between surrogates of sandy soils, roads, forests, agricultural fields and intensive pastures. Our results show: 1 the ability of toadlets to react to boundaries between landscape components, 2 differences in permeability among boundaries, and 3 our inability to predict correctly the permeability of the boundaries from the patch-specific resistance assessed previously. Toadlets showed a preference for bare environments and forests, whereas they avoided the use of agricultural environments. This pattern could not be explained in terms of patch-specific resistance only, and is discussed in terms of mortality risks and resource availability in the various landscape components, with particular attention to repercussions on conservation strategies.

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“…In spite of its central role in ecology, the definition of a ''population '' remains unclear (e.g., Berryman 2002;Camus and Lima 2002;Baguette and Stevens 2003;Waples and Gaggiotti 2006). The problem is that ''a group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular space at a particular time'' (one popular definition, Krebs 2001) does not always represent a closed system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrony in local population dynamics of stream‐dwelling Dolly Varden: do genetically similar groups show similar demography?

et al. 2008

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We investigated the relationship between genetic divergence and demographic dependence. Genetically related groups may consist of the same demographic unit or a single ''population,'' because high levels of dispersal may synchronize population dynamics. We examined this hypothesis by assessing the levels of synchrony in seven demographic parameters among locations supporting stream-dwelling Dolly Varden. We analyzed synchrony using demographic data collected over 10 years in five neighboring tributary streams (\7 km) where little genetic divergence was observed. The overall synchrony was moderate for age-0? and Cage-1? (average cross-correlation coefficient q ¼ 0:32À0:56), but the synchrony decreased at later life stages (mature adults, q ¼ 0:00À0:43). No significant temporal co-variation was observed for other demographic parameters (sex ratio and resident-to-migrant ratio, q ¼ À0:19 and 0.38, respectively). Therefore, it appears that demographic synchrony was more prevalent for early life stages, but less so for later life stages, suggesting the demography of each tributary is unique. Furthermore, since an isolated location showed high levels of synchrony with the other locations, the main driver of synchrony is likely correlated environmental influences on demography (Moran effect) rather than dispersal. Pairwise synchrony was not correlated with geographical distance, but negatively correlated with the degree of genetic differentiation (F ST ) in a few cases. Overall, however, we found little evidence that dispersal induces strong synchrony even among the neighboring tributaries where genetic analysis indicated considerable dispersal. Finally it is worth noting that the influences of dispersal may be different in terms of genetic and demographic contexts, and that density-dependent processes may mask patterns of observed synchrony.

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Local populations and metapopulations are both natural and operational categories

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Modelling mortality and dispersal: consequences of parameter generalisation on metapopulation dynamics

Modelling mortality and dispersal: consequences of parameter generalisation on metapopulation dynamics

Quantifying functional connectivity: experimental assessment of boundary permeability for the natterjack toad (Bufo calamita)

Synchrony in local population dynamics of stream‐dwelling Dolly Varden: do genetically similar groups show similar demography?

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