Localization of Human Copper Transporter 1 in the Eye and its Role in Eales Disease

Abstract

CTR1 was significantly increased in ED when compared with controls, indicating its considerable role in the ED pathology.

Authors’ response

“…The homeostasis mechanism of copper and the effect of Hcy need to be studied with respect to ocular cells and tissues, for example, in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), choroid and retina. We observed a decrease copper levels in plasma of idiopathic retinal vascular diseases 3 . The choroid and retinal tissues showed increased copper accumulation in the ARMD tissues 6 indicating intracellular copper accumulation in ARMD.…”

“…We endorse that copper deficiency is associated with hyper-homocystemia and oxidative stress 2 . However, it has been seen in patients with ARMD and other retinopathies that circulating copper level is low but their corresponding tissue levels are higher than in normal individuals which indicates that the copper transport and homeostasis may be affected 2 3 . Copper is proangiogeneic and stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, while use of agents to reduce copper uptake in endothelial cells reverses the condition 4 .…”

Pilot Study of 64CuCl2 for PET Imaging of Inflammation

“…More importantly, some studies have shown that 64 CuCl 2 -PET/CT has been used in human study, which prove the quick translation of 64 CuCl 2 to the clinic over other tracers [ 16 , 24 ]. In this study, considering the previous publications that revealed the important role of Cu 2+ and CTR1 in the pathogenesis of inflammation [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], we explore 64 CuCl 2 as a novel radiotracer for PET imaging of inflammation and further investigate the relationship between 64 Cu 2+ accumulation and CTR1 levels in inflammatory tissues in mice models.…”

“…In the early 1980s, Milanino R et al [ 18 ] and Conforti A et al [ 19 ] found that acute and chronic inflammations featured with changes in the metabolism of Cu. Furthermore, Gomathy Narayanan I. et al reported that CTR1 was significantly increased in Eales disease, which highlights the role of CTR1 in the pathogenesis of inflammation [ 20 ].…”

Latent Benefits and Toxicity Risks Transmission Chain of High Dietary Copper along the Livestock–Environment–Plant–Human Health Axis and Microbial Homeostasis: A Review

“…Copper is the third most abundant trace element in the human body after Fe and Zn, which is indispensable for human health . For example, Cu is a component of some important enzymes, which can promote cellular respiration, neurotransmitter conduction, and production of peptide hormones to maintain body homeostasis. , The amount of Cu is limited to 1.0 mg/L in drinking water according to the Standards and Health Advisories revised by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) . However, the strong redox properties make Cu both beneficial and toxic to human health, and excess Cu accumulation is life threatening .…”