Localization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood and Their Role in Repair of Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Rats

Abstract

The aim of this study is to explore the localization of human mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord matrix (hMSCs-UC) and the role of these cells in the repair of foot ulcerate tissue in diabetic foot ulcers in rats. A diabetic rat model was established by administering Streptozotocin. Diabetic foot ulceration was defined as non-healing or delayed-healing of empyrosis on the dorsal hind foot after 14 weeks. hMSCs-UC were delivered through the left femoral artery. We evaluated the localization of hMSCs-UC and their role in tissue repair in diabetic foot ulcers by histological analysis, PCR, and immunohistochemical staining. A model for diabetes was established in 54 out of 60 rats (90% success rate) and 27 of these rats were treated with hMSCs-UC. The area of ulceration was significantly and progressively reduced at 7 and 14 days following treatment with hMSCs-UC. This gross observation was strongly supported by the histological changes, including newly developed blood vessels and proliferation of inflammatory cells at 3 days post-treatment, significant increase in granulation tissue at 7 days post-treatment and squamous epithelium or stratified squamous epithelium at 14 days post-treatment. Importantly, human leukocyte antigen type-I (HLA-1) was confirmed in ulcerated tissue by RT-PCR. The expression of cytokeratin 19 was significantly increased in diabetic model rats, with no detectable change in cytokeratin 10. Additionally, both collagens I and III increased in model rats treated with hMSCs-UC, but the ratio of collagen I/III was less significant in treated rats compared with control rats. These results suggest that hMSCs-UC specifically localize to the target ulcerated tissue and may promote the epithelialization of ulcerated tissue by stimulating the release of cytokeratin 19 from keratinocytes and extracellular matrix formation.

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“…Li). and repair (Cao et al, 2014;Fawzy et al, 2013;Monsefi et al, 2013;Song et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2013). …”

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Cardiac Muscle Repair via Enhanced Neovascularization

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most important population of bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells. Cells similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs have now been identified in all postnatal tissues, and play essential roles in the renewal and repair of various tissues [7,8,9,10,11,12]. Determination of the biological properties of MSCs has enabled successful revision of the role of MSCs in various organs and tissues [7,8,9,10,11,12].…”

Wound-healing potential of human umbilical cord blood–derived mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro—a pilot study

“…Zhao et al [29] demonstrated that hUCBMSCs specifically localize to the target ulcerated tissue and may promote the epithelialization of diabetic foot ulcers in rats. Luo et al [23] demonstrated that the local application of hUCB-MSCs may not only be able to accelerate the speed of the wound healing but also may improve the quality of wound healing in mice.…”

“…Because hUCB-MSCs are rich, easy to collect and proliferate up to 4 times the number of cells within 3 to 5 days in appropriate culture conditions in vitro, they could be produced on a larger scale. The most important advantage of hUCB-MSCs is their very low immunogenicity, which provides potential clinical benefits to patients [29]. The acquisition of hUCB-MSCs in contrast to BM-MSCs may not be All experiments were performed in triplicate on each explant from each individual.…”