Long-period fiber gratings fabricated by use of defocused CO_2 laser beam for polarization-dependent loss enhancement

Yang, Minwei; Li, Yuhua; Wang, Dongning

doi:10.1364/josab.26.001203

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…8(a) and 8(b), the average loss and the maximum PDL of the C-LPFG and PT-LPFG were obtained around resonant wavelengths of 1573.2 nm and 1568.6 nm, respectively. The latter exhibits a maximum PDL of 3.6 dB, which is relatively smaller than that of the former (5.4 dB) and previously reported values [22,23]. Because of the pre-twisting procedure, the asymmetrical RI modulation caused by the CO 2 laser was reduced, causing the PT-LPFG PDL to be smaller than that of the C-LPFG.…”

Section: Pdl Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 58%

Long period fiber grating based on periodically screw-type distortions for torsion sensing

Deng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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A novel long-period fiber grating (LPFG), fabricated by periodically cascading a series of screw-type distortions, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. These screw-type distortions are induced by twisting the fiber during CO laser beam exposure. The resulting LPFG will either be left- or right-hand helical, depending on the twist rate and direction used during fabrication, with a certain frozen shear strain. Due to the independence between grating pitch and twist rate, this type of LPFG could be more flexible than the helical- or chiral-fiber gratings reported previously. During LPFG twisting, the device displays good directional dependence and an enhanced torsion sensitivity of 0.1604 nm/(rad/m), which implies the structure could be an excellent candidate for torsion sensors.

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Section: Pdl Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 58%

Long period fiber grating based on periodically screw-type distortions for torsion sensing

Deng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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“…166 For the cascaded LPFGs fabricated by this technique, the maximum PDL obtained can be largely increased to 17.8 dB, 166 which is larger than that reported in Ref. 180.…”

Section: Polarizersmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The CO 2 -laser-induced LPFGs have found many promising applications in optical telecommunications such as band-rejection filters, 5,61,160-162 gain equalizers for erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers ͑EDFAs͒, 6,22,163-165 in-fiber polarizers, 25,166 couplers, 167,168 and mode converters 169 because of their bandstop filtering capability and selective mode coupling between the fundamental mode and the cladding modes.…”

Section: Communication Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Wang

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

222

134

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This paper presents a systematic review of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) written by the CO2 laser irradiation technique. First, various fabrication techniques based on CO2 laser irradiations are demonstrated to write LPFGs in different types of optical fibers such as conventional glass fibers, solid-core photonic crystal fibers, and air-core photonic bandgap fibers. Second, possible mechanisms, e.g., residual stress relaxation, glass structure changes, and physical deformation, of refractive index modulations in the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are analyzed. Third, asymmetrical mode coupling, resulting from single-side laser irradiation, is discussed to understand unique optical properties of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs. Fourthly, several pretreament and post-treatment techniques are proposed to enhance the efficiency of grating fabrications. Fifthly, sensing applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based temperature, strain, bend, torsion, pressure, and biochemical sensors. Finally, communication applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based band-rejection filters, gain equalizers, polarizers, and couplers.

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“…By employing the point-by-point technique, this stage was configured to stop at every point of the desired LPG period in order for the laser to shoot a train of pulses on the fiber. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the experimental setup, which is similar to that used by Yang et al [18]. Some parameters were kept constant during the writing process.…”

Section: Writing Of Pcf-based Long Period Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain and temperature characterization of LPGs written by CO2 laser in pure silica LMA photonic crystal fibers

et al. 2015

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This paper reports on the writing of long period gratings (LPGs) in a six-ring pure silica solid core, and large mode area photonic crystal fiber (fiber core diameter ρ = 10.1 µm) using a CO 2 laser system, and the characterization of their strain and temperature sensitivities. Temperature and strain sensitivities in the order of -19.6 pm/℃ and -88 pm/µε, respectively, were obtained, which were comparable or surpassed values of the similar photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based LPG or sensor configurations found in the literature.

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Long-period fiber gratings fabricated by use of defocused CO_2 laser beam for polarization-dependent loss enhancement

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Long period fiber grating based on periodically screw-type distortions for torsion sensing

Long period fiber grating based on periodically screw-type distortions for torsion sensing

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Strain and temperature characterization of LPGs written by CO2 laser in pure silica LMA photonic crystal fibers

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