Long‐Range Processing Correlation and Morphological Fractality of Compatibilized Blends of PS/ HDPE/ SEBS Block Copolymer

Abstract

Summary: Processing and compatibilization effects of a commercially available styrene/ ethylene‐butylene/ styrene (SEBS) compatibilizer on the morphological structure, rheological and mechanical properties of blends of polystyrene (PS) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) were investigated. The rheological behaviour of the blends melt during processing was followed by measuring torque; extrusion capacity output and melts back‐pressure in a twin screw extruder. The processing parameters were decreased with the HDPE content. The results show that SEBS compatibilizer can yield compatibilization by substantially reducing torque and increasing the back‐pressure. However, the Hurst indices of melt processing parameters are increased with compatibilization. Near‐infrared spectra had been described by the Hurst index HNIR which is then related to HDPE content in the blends. The correlation between the blend compositions, morphological structure, mechanical and rheological properties and processing parameters was established and discussed on base of correlation with the fractal indices obtained from the SEM microphotographs of PS/HDPE/SEBS blends.

Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy in polymer study

“…Various polymer systems, such as block copolymers (Kim et al, 2006b; Jia et al, 2010; Jin et al, 2011), biodegradable polymers (Guo et al, 2011; Unger et al, 2011; Ando et al, 2012; Hoshina et al, 2012, 2014; Wang et al, 2014), conducting polymer (Hong et al, 2005; Grzeszczuk et al, 2013), liquid crystals (Tang et al, 2010; Cheng et al, 2011), polymer blends (Oh et al, 2009; Unger et al, 2009, 2011; Jelèić et al, 2010; Popescu and Vasile, 2010, 2011; Kuo and Liu, 2011), and polymer nanocomposites (Huang et al, 2009; Huang and Kuo, 2010; Peng et al, 2010; Ando et al, 2012; Qu et al, 2012), etc., are analyzed by 2DCOS. Detailed information of polymers for polymerization (Izawa et al, 2001; Hong et al, 2005; Huang and Kuo, 2010; Qu et al, 2012; Noda, 2014d; Seo et al, 2014), melting behavior (Unger et al, 2009; Peng et al, 2010; Popescu and Vasile, 2010), crystallization (Huang et al, 2009; Zheng et al, 2010; Guo et al, 2011; Unger et al, 2011; Ando et al, 2012; Hoshina et al, 2012, 2014; Chai et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2013, 2014), gelation (Wang and Wu, 2011; Su et al, 2012; Park et al, 2013), photoreaction (Lee et al, 2010, 2012), hydration (Lai and Wu, 2013), sorption/desorption processes (Musto et al, 2011; Lai and Wu, 2013; Galizia et al, 2014), and phase transition/separation (Kim et al, 2006b; Cheng et al, 2011; Kuo and Liu, 2011; Hou et al, 2014), etc., which are undergoing under the influence of applied external perturbation, are obtained by 2DCOS.…”

“…The generalized 2DCOS can elucidate information in spectral variations, e.g., IR (Kim et al, 2006b; Cerdà-Costa et al, 2009; Huang et al, 2009; Unger et al, 2009, 2011; Del Río et al, 2010; Huang and Kuo, 2010; Jelèić et al, 2010; Jia et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2010, 2012; Peng et al, 2010; Popescu and Vasile, 2010, 2011; Zheng et al, 2010; Cheng et al, 2011; Jin et al, 2011; Kuo and Liu, 2011; Musto et al, 2011; Quaroni et al, 2011; Wang and Wu, 2011; Zhang et al, 2011; Ando et al, 2012; Qu et al, 2012; Su et al, 2012; Wu et al, 2012; Chai et al, 2013; Lai and Wu, 2013; Park et al, 2013; Shinzawa et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2013, 2014; Galizia et al, 2014; Hou et al, 2014; Noda, 2014c; Seo et al, 2014), Raman (Radice et al, 2010; Tang et al, 2010; Ma et al, 2011; Ji et al, 2012; Pazderka and Kopecký Jr, 2012; Brewster et al, 2013; Grzeszczuk et al, 2013; Noda, 2014d), terahertz (THz) (Hoshina et al, 2012, 2014), X-ray (Guo et al, 2011), UV-Vis (Hong et al, 2005; Jiang and Wu, 2008; Sikirzhytski et al, 2012; Zhong et al, 2012), NMR (Oh et al, 2009; Li et al, 2013), fluorescence (Hur et al, 2011; Zhang et al, 2013), and even chromatography (Izawa et al, 2001), under various external perturbations, such as thermal, electrical, optical, magnetic, and chemical perturbations (Noda, 1986, 1993; Hong et al, 2005; Kim et al, 2006b; Jiang and Wu, 2008; Cerdà-Costa et al, 2009; Huang et al, 2009; Oh et al, 2009; Unger et al, 2009; Del Río et al, 2010; Huang and Kuo, 2010; Jelèić et al, 2010; Jia et al, 2010; Lee et al, …”

“…IR spectroscopy is the most common analytical probes used in 2DCOS (Kim et al, 2006b; Cerdà-Costa et al, 2009; Huang et al, 2009; Unger et al, 2009, 2011; Del Río et al, 2010; Huang and Kuo, 2010; Jelèić et al, 2010; Jia et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2010, 2012; Peng et al, 2010; Popescu and Vasile, 2010, 2011; Zheng et al, 2010; Cheng et al, 2011; Jin et al, 2011; Kuo and Liu, 2011; Musto et al, 2011; Quaroni et al, 2011; Wang and Wu, 2011; Zhang et al, 2011; Ando et al, 2012; Qu et al, 2012; Su et al, 2012; Wu et al, 2012; Chai et al, 2013; Lai and Wu, 2013; Park et al, 2013; Shinzawa et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2013, 2014; Galizia et al, 2014; Hou et al, 2014; Noda, 2014c; Seo et al, 2014). The most popularly applied external perturbation in 2DCOS is temperature (Kim et al, 2006b; Unger et al, 2009, 2011; Jia et al, 2010; Peng et al, 2010; Popescu and Vasile, 2010; Tang et al, 2010; Zheng et al, 2010; Cheng et al, 2011; Wang and Wu, 2011; Pazderka and Kopecký Jr, 2012; Chai et al, 2013; Li et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2013, 2014; Hoshina et al, 2014; Hou et al, 2014; Seo et al, 2014).…”

“…The most popularly applied external perturbation in 2DCOS is temperature (Kim et al, 2006b; Unger et al, 2009, 2011; Jia et al, 2010; Peng et al, 2010; Popescu and Vasile, 2010; Tang et al, 2010; Zheng et al, 2010; Cheng et al, 2011; Wang and Wu, 2011; Pazderka and Kopecký Jr, 2012; Chai et al, 2013; Li et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2013, 2014; Hoshina et al, 2014; Hou et al, 2014; Seo et al, 2014). Applications of 2DCOS in investigations of intriguing properties of polymer system measured by different types of analytical probes has been substantially increased (Izawa et al, 2001; Hong et al, 2005; Kim et al, 2006b; Jiang and Wu, 2008; Huang et al, 2009; Oh et al, 2009; Unger et al, 2009, 2011; Del Río et al, 2010; Huang and Kuo, 2010; Jelèić et al, 2010; Jia et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2010, 2012; Peng et al, 2010; Popescu and Vasile, 2010, 2011; Radice et al, 2010; Tang et al, 2010; Zheng et al, 2010; Cheng et al, 2011; Guo et al, 2011; Jin et al, 2011; Kuo and Liu, 2011; Ma et al, 2011; Wang and Wu, 2011; Zhang et al, 2011; Ando et al, 2012; Hoshina et al, 2012, 2014; Qu et al, 2012; Su et al, 2012; Wu et al, 2012; Zhong et al, 2012; Chai et al, 2013; Grzeszczuk et al, 2013; Lai and Wu, 2013; Park et al, 2013; Shinzawa et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2013, 2014; Hou et al, 2014; Noda, 2014c,d; Seo et al, 2014). Generalized 2D correlation spectra has notable advantages: examination of inter- or intra-molecular interactions and determination of the sequential order of events, which is hardly depicted in conventional spectroscopy.…”

Investigation of compatibilization effects of SEBS-g-MA on polystyrene/polyethylene blend with a novel separation method in melted state

“…Some research mentioned styrene-butadiene copolymer (SB) [53] and styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer (SBS) [52] as a potential additive for compatibilizing PS and PE with each other, in other papers the effectiveness of polyether copolymer (PEC) [54], hydrogenated butadiene-polystyrene copolymers (SEB) [55] and ethylene/styrene interpolymers [47] were also investigated. However, the most commonly used compatibilizer for improving the miscibility of PS and PE is styrene/ethylene/butylene/styrene block copolymer (SEBS) and its maleic anhydride grafted type (SEBS-g-MA), with which adhesion can be improved between the phases to prepare blends with better toughness [35,44,45,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73].…”