Long-Term Ambient Multipollutant Exposures and Mortality

Hart, Jaime E.; Garshick, Eric; Dockery, Douglas W.; Smith, Thomas J.; Ryan, Louise; Laden, Francine

doi:10.1164/rccm.200912-1903oc

Cited by 147 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The recent registry cohort study from Italy (Cesaroni et al, 2013) and the American (Jerrett et al, 2011;Hart et al, 2011) and Canadian (Gan et al, 2011) studies have attempted multipollutant models, and they provide support for an effect of NO 2 independent from particle mass metrics. In three of these mortality studies with multipollutant models, the major fraction of the populations studied was exposed to NO 2 levels lower than 40 µg/m 3 ; in one of them, nearly all participants were exposed to levels lower than 40 μg/m 3 (Jerrett et al, 2011).…”

Section: Long Term Effects On Asthmamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…NO 2 was also independently associated with an elevated risk for premature death from all causes and lung cancer (Jerrett et al, 2011), but the report did not provide the adjusted quantitative effect estimates. Hart et al (2011) examined the association of ambient residential exposure to PM 10 , PM 2.5 , NO 2 , and SO 2 with mortality in 53 814 men in the United States trucking industry. One of the unique features of this study was the ability to model the mortality effects of exposures to multiple pollutants.…”

Section: Long Term Effects On Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Broome¹,

Johnston

Horsley

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

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This document presents answers to 24 questions relevant to reviewing European policies on air pollution and to addressing health aspects of these policies. The answers were developed by a large group of scientists engaged in the WHO project "Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution -REVIHAAP". The experts reviewed and discussed the newly accumulated scientific evidence on the adverse effects on health of air pollution, formulating science-based answers to the 24 questions. Extensive rationales for the answers, including the list of key references, are provided. The review concludes that a considerable amount of new scientific information on the adverse effects on health of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, observed at levels commonly present in Europe, has been published in recent years. This new evidence supports the scientific conclusions of the WHO air quality guidelines, last updated in 2005, and indicates that the effects in some cases occur at air pollution concentrations lower than those serving to establish these guidelines. It also provides scientific arguments for taking decisive actions to improve air quality and reduce the burden of disease associated with air pollution in Europe.This publication arises from the project REVIHAAP and has been co-funded by the European Union. Keywords AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION -ADVERSE EFFECTS ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE GUIDELINES HEALTH POLICYAddress requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2013All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate borderlines for which there may not yet be full agreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. ...

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Section: Long Term Effects On Asthmamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Long Term Effects On Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Broome¹,

Johnston

Horsley

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

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“…We identified 17 cohort studies Beeson et al 1998;Cao et al 2011;Carey et al 2013;Cesaroni et al 2013;Hales et al 2012;Hart et al 2011;Heinrich et al 2013;Jerrett et al 2013;Katanoda et al 2011;Krewski et al 2009;Lepeule et al 2012;Lipsett et al 2011;McDonnell et al 2000;Naess et al 2007;Pope et al 2002;Raaschou-Nielsen et al 2013) and one case-control study (Hystad et al 2013) of lung cancer that provided estimates of the quantitative relationships between the risk of lung cancer and exposure to PM 2.5 or PM 10 that could be expressed per 10-μg/m 3 change in PM. Estimates from one cohort study (Naess et al 2007) could not be converted to units of 10-μg/m 3 , and thus, this study did not contribute to the meta-estimates.…”

Section: Studies Includedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hamra¹,

Guha²,

Cohen³

et al. 2014

Environ Health Perspect

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269

248

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Background: Particulate matter (PM) in outdoor air pollution was recently designated a Group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This determination was based on the evidence regarding the relationship of PM 2.5 and PM 10 to lung cancer risk; however, the IARC evaluation did not include a quantitative summary of the evidence. oBjective: Our goal was to provide a systematic review and quantitative summary of the evidence regarding the relationship between PM and lung cancer. Methods: We conducted meta-analyses of studies examining the relationship of exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 with lung cancer incidence and mortality. In total, 18 studies met our inclusion criteria and provided the information necessary to estimate the change in lung cancer risk per 10-μg/m 3 increase in exposure to PM. We used random-effects analyses to allow between-study variability to contribute to meta-estimates. results: The meta-relative risk for lung cancer associated with PM 2.5 was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.14). The meta-relative risk of lung cancer associated with PM 10 was similar, but less precise: 1.08 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.17). Estimates were robust to restriction to studies that considered potential confounders, as well as subanalyses by exposure assessment method. Analyses by smoking status showed that lung cancer risk associated with PM 2.5 was greatest for former smokers [1.44 (95% CI: 1.04, 2.01)], followed by never-smokers [1.18 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.39)], and then current smokers

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“…Long-term exposures to ambient particulate air pollution have been associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in a number of studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In a recent meta-analysis of cohort studies [6], each 10 μg/m 3 increase in particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5 ) was associated with a 6.2% (95% confidence interval 4.1-8.4%) increased risk of all-cause mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Issues and Suggestions in the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort for Assessing the Long-term Health Effects of Air Pollution Focusing on Mortality

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Kwon³

et al. 2017

J Health Info Stat

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Background: Long-term exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM 2.5 ) has been consistently associated with risk of all-cause mortality. The methods used to assess exposure, such as area averages, nearest monitor values, land use regressions, and spatio-temporal models in these studies are subject to measurement error. However, to date, no study has attempted to incorporate adjustment for measurement error into a long-term study of the effects of air pollution on mortality. Methods: We followed 108,767 members of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) 2000-2006 and identified all deaths. Biennial mailed questionnaires provided a detailed residential address history and updated information on potential confounders. Time-varying average PM 2.5 in the previous 12-months was assigned based on residential address and was predicted from either spatio-temporal prediction models or as concentrations measured at the nearest USEPA monitor. Information on the relationships of personal exposure to PM 2.5 of ambient origin with spatio-temporal predicted and nearest monitor PM 2.5 was available from five previous validation studies. Time-varying Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95%CI) for each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 . Risk-set regression calibration was used to adjust estimates for measurement error.

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Long-Term Ambient Multipollutant Exposures and Mortality

Cited by 147 publications

References 45 publications

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Data Issues and Suggestions in the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort for Assessing the Long-term Health Effects of Air Pollution Focusing on Mortality

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