Long-term toxicity of indigo carmine in mice

Hooson, Jean; Gaunt, I.F.; Kiss, Ida S.; Grasso, P.; Butterworth, K.R.

doi:10.1016/s0015-6264(75)80001-0

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It may also cause gastrointestinal irritations with nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea [10,11]. The toxicity tests of the dye revealed longterm toxicity in mice [12] and short-term toxicity in the pig [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine in aqueous solution by TiO2-coated non-woven fibres

Barka¹,

Assabbane²,

Nounah³

et al. 2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

169

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine in aqueous solution by TiO2-coated non-woven fibres

Barka¹,

Assabbane²,

Nounah³

et al. 2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

169

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“…At maximum accepted doses, genotoxic or mutagenic effects were not observed. Hooson et al (1975) conducted an 80 week study on the toxicity of Indigo Carmine in 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6% concentrations on mice. No effect on the death rate, gain in body weight, mass of organs and results of histopathological examination was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of synthetic food additives and surfactants on the body weight of larvae of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

Мартынов

Brygadyrenko

2017

Biosys. divers.

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The broad spectrum of negative effects of food additives and surfactants on living organisms and the environment in general indicate a necessity of a detailed study on this issue. The aim of this article is to evaluate the impact of food additives and surfactants in a concentration of 350 mg/kg of fodder on the body weight of third age Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) larvae. A significant change in the body weight of T. molitor larvae was observed when they consumed a diet containing 350 mg/kg of sodium glutamate, sodium cyclamate and sodium benzoate. We observed a tendency towards increase in body weight after addition of the food colouring Allura Red, saccharin, benzoic acid, betaine, emulsifying wax, AOS and SLES, and also we observed a decrease in body weight after addition of Tartrazine and Indigo Carmine in the same concentration. Out of the 18 tested food additives, 3 significantly stimulated an increase in the body weight of third age T. molitor larvae, and 3 manifested the same effect at the level of tendency (stimulated an increase in mass on average by 43-58% over the 14-day experiment), and 2 caused decrease in the body weight of larvae. Also, the 4 studied surfactants manifested a tendency towards increase in the body weight of T. molitor. This study on the impact of food additives and surfactants on organisms of insects is of great significance for protecting rare species of insects.

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“…111 In another study, 30 Charles River CD-1 mice/sex/ group were fed 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, or 1.6% Blue 2 for 84 weeks. 112 Controls consisted of 60 males and 60 females. The overall death rates in treated mice did not differ significantly from that in the controls.…”

Section: Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of food dyes

Kobylewski

Jacobson

2012

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

215

107

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This review finds that all of the nine currently US-approved dyes raise health concerns of varying degrees. Red 3 causes cancer in animals, and there is evidence that several other dyes also are carcinogenic. Three dyes (Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) have been found to be contaminated with benzidine or other carcinogens. At least four dyes (Blue 1, Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) cause hypersensitivity reactions. Numerous microbiological and rodent studies of Yellow 5 were positive for genotoxicity. Toxicity tests on two dyes (Citrus Red 2 and Orange B) also suggest safety concerns, but Citrus Red 2 is used at low levels and only on some Florida oranges and Orange B has not been used for several years. The inadequacy of much of the testing and the evidence for carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, and hypersensitivity, coupled with the fact that dyes do not improve the safety or nutritional quality of foods, indicates that all of the currently used dyes should be removed from the food supply and replaced, if at all, by safer colorings. It is recommended that regulatory authorities require better and independent toxicity testing, exercise greater caution regarding continued approval of these dyes, and in the future approve only well-tested, safe dyes.

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Long-term toxicity of indigo carmine in mice

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine in aqueous solution by TiO2-coated non-woven fibres

Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine in aqueous solution by TiO2-coated non-woven fibres

The influence of synthetic food additives and surfactants on the body weight of larvae of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

Toxicology of food dyes

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