Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact and Cost of Person-Centered Planning for People With Intellectual Disabilities in England

Abstract

Person-centered planning is central to United Kingdom policies regarding the support of people with intellectual disabilities. However, little evidence exists on the impact or cost of introducing person-centered planning. We examined the efficacy, effectiveness, and costs of introducing person-centered planning for 93 people with intellectual disabilities over 2 years across four localities in England. A person-centered plan was successfully developed for 65 people. Little change was apparent prior to introducing person-centered planning. After its introduction, modest positive changes were found in the areas of social networks; contact with family; contact with friends; community-based activities; scheduled day activities; and choice. The direct training and support cost of introducing person-centered planning was $1,202 per participant; indirect costs were negligible.

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“…Igual de importante es el cambio en el papel del usuario en el proceso de intervención social. Los resultados se asemejan a los que ofrecen algunos de los estudios empíricos sobre el impacto del modelo (Holburn et al, 2004;Robertson et al, 2006;Peterson, Buchanan y Falkmer, 2014), al afirmar que la metodología mejora la calidad de vida de los destinatarios de la intervención, así como las relaciones entre los equipos profesionales, y entre éstos y las personas usuarias, además de promover el papel de la persona en su cambio vital.…”

Managing with Learning Disability and Diabetes: OK-Diabetes – a case-finding study and feasibility randomised controlled trial

“…[162][163][164][165]168,169 The intensity of reminders and GP visits to assist completion in case finding was not replicated in the feasibility RCT and, in fact, the return rate increased in the second phase of the study. It is not possible to say whether this was because the surgeries became more adept at completion over time or whether it was because the questionnaires were asking about a shorter time span in the RCT.…”

“…Six studies [164][165][166][167][168][169] that detailed costs or costs and outcomes of interventions for people with learning disabilities met the inclusion criteria. Resource-use data were collected in all studies: four of these 164,165,168,169 used the Client Service Repository Inventory (CSRI), which is a research instrument that provides retrospective information on service use, and three studies 165,168,169 used a proxy informant who was familiar with the person with a learning disability.…”

“…Resource-use data were collected in all studies: four of these 164,165,168,169 used the Client Service Repository Inventory (CSRI), which is a research instrument that provides retrospective information on service use, and three studies 165,168,169 used a proxy informant who was familiar with the person with a learning disability. Resource use (for which GP visits, nurse visits, hospital inpatient and outpatient visits were the most frequently utilised, with chiropodist, psychiatrist and dentist also having high utilisation rates), staff (salaries and training) and accommodation were the main drivers of cost in relation to the cost-of-illness studies; 165,167 medications, transportation and carer time were also included.…”

“…Resource use (for which GP visits, nurse visits, hospital inpatient and outpatient visits were the most frequently utilised, with chiropodist, psychiatrist and dentist also having high utilisation rates), staff (salaries and training) and accommodation were the main drivers of cost in relation to the cost-of-illness studies; 165,167 medications, transportation and carer time were also included. Health outcomes were measured in four of the studies using different methods: QALYs derived from EQ-5D, 164 social interaction activity patterns 166,168 and an aggression scale plus a Quality Of Life Questionnaire. 169 Overall, the diabetes studies showed a variety of data collection methods, with staff time for intervention delivery as the greatest driver of costs.…”