Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation Exposure, Oxidative Stress and Epigenetic Programing of Health and Disease

Tharmalingam, Sujeenthar; Sreetharan, Shayenthiran; Kulesza, Adomas; Boreham, Douglas R.; Tai, T.C.

doi:10.1667/rr14587.1

Cited by 69 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…The physiological disruptions not only affected metabolic enzymes (CaE1, 2, 3) but also enzymes involved in the antioxidative defense system (CAT, SOD, GPx). This results shows that an oxidative stress, elicited by ionizing radiation, may also occur in the honeybee, even at low doses (Tharmalingam et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Physiological effects of gamma irradiation in the honeybee, Apis mellifera

Gagnaire

Bonnet²,

Tchamitchian³

et al. 2019

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Terrestrial ecosystems are exposed to various kinds of pollutants, including radionuclides. The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is commonly used in ecotoxicology as a model species for evaluating the effects of pollutants. In the present study, honeybees were irradiated right after birth for 14 days with gamma rays at dose rates ranging between 4.38x10-3 and 588 mGy/d. Biological tissues (head, intestine and abdomen) were sampled at D3, D10 and D14. Ten different physiological markers involved in nervous (acetylcholinesterase (AChE)), antioxidative (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), immune system (phenoloxidase (PO)) and metabolism (carboxylesterases (CaEs) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) were measured. Univariate analyses were conducted to determine whether each individual biomarker response was positively or negatively correlated with the dose rate. Then, multivariate analyses were applied to investigate the relationships between all the biomarker responses. Although no mortality occurred during the experiment, several biomarkers varied significantly in relation to the dose rate. Globally, the biomarkers of antioxidant and immune systems decreased as the dose rate increased. Reversible effects on the indicator of the neural system were found. Concerning indicators of metabolism (carboxylesterases), variations occurred but no clear pattern was found. Taken altogether, these results help better understand the effects of ionizing radiation on bees by identifying relevant physiological markers of effects. These results could improve the assessment of the environmental risk due to ionizing radiation in terrestrial ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Physiological effects of gamma irradiation in the honeybee, Apis mellifera

Gagnaire

Bonnet²,

Tchamitchian³

et al. 2019

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…However, several studies have demonstrated the promoting effects of LDRT on oxidative stress by increasing free radical production. 22,23 On the other hand, there are some supporting findings about the procoagulant changes after irradiation with different radiation qualities and doses for instance, induction of endothelial cells death and loss of their integrity which separates blood clotting factors from exposure to subendothelial prothrombotic extracellular matrix components. 24 Taking together, it seems LDRT may not only decrease the risk of coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients but also may promote clot formation.…”

Section: Against the Proposition: Amirhosein Kefayat MD Opening Stamentioning

confidence: 94%

Low‐dose radiation as a treatment for COVID‐19 pneumonia: A threat or real opportunity?

Mortazavi

Kefayat

Cai³

2020

Medical Physics

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Low-dose radiation is known to induce anti-inflammatory responses and has been historically used for treating infectious diseases such as pneumonia. As the outbreak of COVID-19 continues globally and effective treatment methods are lacking, low-dose radiation has drawn increasing attention recently. While some are optimistic about the clinical adoption of low-dose radiation for the treatment of COVID-19, others have significant concerns about its effectiveness and safety. This is the premise debated in this month's Point/Counterpoint.

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“…There is emerging evidence that low levels of oxidative stress can cause heritable gene expression modifications by altering the genomic structure, while the underlying DNA nucleotide sequence remains unchanged. These structural genome changes are referred to as epigenetic modifications (46). Oxidative stress generated from low doses of ionizing radiation provides a mechanistic link between radiation and epigenetic gene regulation.…”

Section: Repair Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%