Low-Loss Vertical MMI Coupler for 3D Photonic Integration

Nuck, Madeleine; Kleinert, Moritz; Zawadzki, C.; Scheu, A.; Conradi, Hauke; Felipe, David de; Keil, Norbert; Schell, Martin

doi:10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535479

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The average optical loss in the upper layer of the PICs is even higher due to the presence of the vertical MMI coupler along the respective optical paths. Previous measurements with test structures have shown that the insertion loss of the vertical coupler is almost 1 dB, both in the TE and in the TM case [32].…”

Section: Pic Design Fabrication and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Furthermore, the flexibility to use intermediate deposition steps (as shown in the process flow of Fig. 2) enables the structuring of vertical MMI couplers that can couple the light between adjacent layers [32], [34], [39]. Leveraging this 3D integration technology, it becomes possible to develop PolyBoard PICs with lateral MMI couplers, vertical MMI couplers and thermal phase shifters that receive an optical input and distribute this input among a number of output waveguides with precise phase control.…”

Section: D Polyboard Platform and Concept Of 2d Optical Phased Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PolyBoard is a general-purpose polymer platform that supports the monolithic integration of various structures and can act as motherboard for the hybrid integration of heterogeneous elements [31]. The fabrication of PolyBoard PICs involves simple steps, which can be repeated to develop 3D PICs with multiple waveguiding layers and with vertical couplers for light transition between those layers [32]. Such 3D PICs were originally proposed as a solution for coupling to multi-core fibers [33], and later on for the realization of large-scale switching circuits without waveguide crossings [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

2D Optical Phased Arrays for Laser Beam Steering Based On 3D Polymer Photonic Integrated Circuits

Raptakis

Gounaridis

Weigel

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose a novel concept for the implementation of 2-dimensional (2D) optical phased arrays (OPAs) with end-fire waveguides as antenna elements (AEs), and we present its theoretical model and experimental proof. The concept is based on the use of 3-dimensional (3D) photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with multiple waveguiding layers on the PolyBoard platform. In their simplest form, the 3D PICs comprise AEs at different layers, vertical and lateral couplers for the distribution of light among the AEs, and phase shifters for the execution of the 2D beam scanning process. Using the field equivalence principle, we model the radiated field from the single-mode waveguide of the platform at 1550 nm, and we find that the expected beam width is 12.7 o . We also investigate the perturbation that is induced into propagating fields inside parallel waveguides in proximity, and we conclude that waveguide spacings down to 6 µm can be safely used for development of uniform OPAs in the PolyBoard platform. For OPAs with 6 µm pitch and 4 AEs, we find that the maximum steering angle is 14.0 o and the expected angular clearance, wherein the main radiation lobe is higher than any grating lobe by at least 3, 6 and 10 dB is 10.8 o , 7.6 o and 2.8 o , respectively. Based on our simulations, we design and fabricate single-and 2-layer PICs with 1×4 and 2×4 OPAs. The lateral pitch of the OPAs ranges from 10 down to 6 µm, while the vertical pitch is 7.2 µm. We experimentally characterize these OPAs and validate the potential of the 2-layer PICs for 2D beam scanning on the azimuthal and elevation plane. The beam profiles and the main scanning parameters such as the maximum steering angle and the relative intensity between the main and the grating lobes are found in excellent agreement with our simulations.

show abstract

Section: Pic Design Fabrication and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: D Polyboard Platform and Concept Of 2d Optical Phased Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

2D Optical Phased Arrays for Laser Beam Steering Based On 3D Polymer Photonic Integrated Circuits

Raptakis

Gounaridis

Weigel

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In polymer-based photonic integration platforms this can be solved by means of vertical MMIs as couplers between waveguide layers as presented in Fig. 3 (top right) [9,10]. These couple light from a lower single-mode waveguide (1.)…”

Section: Multilayer Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A platform approach towards hybrid photonic integration and assembly for communications, sensing, and quantum technologies based on a polymer waveguide technology

Kleinert

Nuck

Conradi

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE CPMT Symposium Japan (ICSJ)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present functionalities of photonic integrated circuits and a generic assembly approach for their hybrid integration with other components in the polymer waveguide platform PolyBoard. In addition to standard integrated optics capabilities, the PolyBoard approach allows for the realization of flexible interconnects, the fabrication of multilayer waveguide structures with low intra-layer coupling losses, and the integration of bulk optical crystals in on-chip free-space sections. These functionalities enable PICs with applications ranging from communications, via sensing, to quantum technology. The semiautomated assembly process presented in the second part of this paper ensures the compatibility of all individual functionalities and the scalability of the developed approaches towards production.

show abstract

“…Multimode interference device operation is based on the self-imaging principle, in which the outline of the input field is replicated along the propagation axis of the waveguide at periodical points [6]. MMI devices are incorporated into photonic integrated circuits (PIC) thanks to their low excess loss, large optical bandwidth, and plain structure [7,8]. AMMI is a form of MMI device in which the single-mode access waveguides are tilted in the desired angle with respect to the propagation axis of the multi-mode MMI core.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three Demultiplexer C-Band Using Angled Multimode Interference in GaN–SiO2 Slot Waveguide Structures

Ioudashkin

Malka

2020

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most common techniques for increasing data bitrate using the telecommunication system is to use dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). However, the implementation of DWDM with more channels requires additional waveguide coupler devices and greater energy consumption, which can limit the system performances. To solve these issues, we propose a new approach for designing the demultiplexer using angled multimode interference (AMMI) in gallium nitride (GaN)–silica (SiO2) slot waveguide structures. SiO2 and GaN materials are selected for confining the infrared light inside the GaN areas under the transverse electric (TE) field mode. The results show that, after 3.56 mm light propagation, three infrared wavelengths in the C-band can be demultiplexed using a single AMMI coupler with a power loss of 1.31 to 2.44 dB, large bandwidth of 12 to 13.69 nm, very low power back reflection of 47.64 to 48.76 dB, and crosstalk of −12.67 to −15.62 dB. Thus, the proposed design has the potential for improving performances in the telecommunication system that works with DWDM technology.

show abstract

Low-Loss Vertical MMI Coupler for 3D Photonic Integration

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

2D Optical Phased Arrays for Laser Beam Steering Based On 3D Polymer Photonic Integrated Circuits

2D Optical Phased Arrays for Laser Beam Steering Based On 3D Polymer Photonic Integrated Circuits

A platform approach towards hybrid photonic integration and assembly for communications, sensing, and quantum technologies based on a polymer waveguide technology

A Three Demultiplexer C-Band Using Angled Multimode Interference in GaN–SiO2 Slot Waveguide Structures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About